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正交法優(yōu)化廢次煙葉中水溶性多糖提取工藝

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-08-25 來源: 短文摘抄 點(diǎn)擊:

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  摘要[目的]以提取液中多糖含量為指標(biāo),比較不同的提取條件對煙葉多糖提取率的影響。[方法]以廢次煙葉為原料,通過正交試驗(yàn)法優(yōu)化了多糖水提取工藝、超聲提取工藝和酶法提取工藝,考察了料液比、提取時(shí)間、提取溫度對提取液多糖濃度的影響。[結(jié)果]試驗(yàn)表明,在3種工藝中,料液比對提取液濃度的影響最大,超聲提取工藝中提取溫度對結(jié)果的影響不顯著,酶法提取工藝中提取溫度和提取時(shí)間對結(jié)果的影響都不顯著。水提取工藝的最佳條件為料液比1∶15 g/ml,提取時(shí)間105 min,提取溫度90 ℃,多糖提取濃度為(9.56±0.32)mg/ml;超聲提取工藝的最佳條件為料液比1∶15 g/ml,提取時(shí)間25 min,提取溫度40 ℃,多糖提取濃度為(10.61±0.22)mg/ml;酶法提取工藝的最佳條件為料液比1∶10 g/ml,提取時(shí)間50 min,提取溫度40 ℃ ,多糖提取濃度為(8.56±0.41)mg/ml。[結(jié)論]研究可為進(jìn)一步綜合利用廢次煙葉奠定基礎(chǔ)。
  關(guān)鍵詞 煙葉;多糖;提取工藝
  中圖分類號 S509.9 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611(2015)32-175-03
  Abstract[Objective]With polysaccharide content as index, effects of different extraction conditions on polysaccharide extraction rate of tobacco leaves were compared.[Method]The extraction processes of polysaccharides assisted by hotwater, ultrasonic or enzyme from discarded tobacco leaves were optimized through orthogonal experiments. The effects of ratio of material to water, extraction time and temperature on the extraction concentration of polysaccharides were investigated.[Result]The results showed that the ratio of material to water was the most significant factor influence on the extraction concentration in the three methods. The effect of extraction temperature was not significant in ultrasonicassisted method, and the effects of extraction time and temperature were not significant in enzymeassisted method. The optimum conditions of hotwater extraction process were A(1∶15 g/ml)B(105 min)C(90 ℃), and under these conditions the extraction concentration of polysaccharides was (9.56±0.32) mg/ml. The optimum conditions of ultrasonicassisted process were A(1∶15 g/ml)B(25 min)C(40 ℃), and the extraction concentration of polysaccharides was (10.61±0.22)mg/ml. The optimum conditions of enzymeassisted process were A(1∶10 g/ml)B(50 min)C(40 ℃), and the extraction concentration of polysaccharides was (8.56±0.41)mg/ml.[Conclusion]The study can lay a foundation for further utilization of discarded tobacco leaves.
  Key words Tobacco leaves; Polysaccharides; Extraction process
  我國是世界煙草種植大國,年產(chǎn)煙葉300萬t左右,占世界總產(chǎn)量約40%。每年生產(chǎn)的煙葉中有20%~30%為廢次煙葉[1-2],這些煙葉不能用做卷煙原料,若無合理利用途徑,將造成巨大的浪費(fèi),也會造成環(huán)境的污染。廢次煙葉中含有多種活性化學(xué)成分,是生產(chǎn)保健品、食品、藥品、化妝品的重要原料[3-5]。因此,近年來廢次煙葉的綜合加工利用技術(shù)成為研究的熱點(diǎn),其中對于煙堿、綠原酸、茄尼醇等的提取純化工藝研究較多[6-10],但對多糖提取技術(shù)研究仍較少[11-12]。多糖是植物體內(nèi)普遍存在的一類活性物質(zhì),具有增強(qiáng)免疫、抗氧化、降血壓等多種作用[13-16]。筆者以提取液中多糖含量為指標(biāo),比較不同的提取條件對煙葉多糖提取率的影響,旨在為進(jìn)一步綜合利用廢次煙葉奠定基礎(chǔ)。
  1 材料與方法
  1.1 材料 原料:廢次煙葉,2014年生產(chǎn)烤煙紅花大金元,由西昌學(xué)院農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)學(xué)院提供。
  主要試劑:濃硫酸、無水乙醇、蒽酮、硫脲、葡萄糖等試劑,均為分析純。
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相關(guān)熱詞搜索:正交 多糖 煙葉 提取 中水

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