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黨參種苗等級(jí)與藥材產(chǎn)量及質(zhì)量的關(guān)系

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-08-29 來源: 短文摘抄 點(diǎn)擊:

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  [摘要]通過廣泛收集產(chǎn)自甘肅省渭源縣、漳縣、岷縣、宕昌縣、隴西縣等地黨參種苗30份,測(cè)定其根長(zhǎng)、根粗、單根重,然后K聚類分析,依據(jù)聚類結(jié)果將種苗劃分為3個(gè)等級(jí),以不同等級(jí)為處理進(jìn)行田間試驗(yàn),研究不同等級(jí)黨參種苗與藥材產(chǎn)量及質(zhì)量的關(guān)系,為制定黨參種苗質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提供依據(jù)。研究結(jié)果顯示,一級(jí)苗出苗最快,產(chǎn)量最高,且顯著的高于二級(jí)苗和三級(jí)苗(P<0.05);一級(jí)苗炔苷含量最高,顯著高于三級(jí)苗(P<0.05);三級(jí)苗多糖含量最高,顯著高于二級(jí)苗和一級(jí)苗(P<0.05)。因此從黨參藥材產(chǎn)量、質(zhì)量及投入成本綜合分析,黨參移栽應(yīng)選擇根長(zhǎng)>15.6 cm,根粗>2.7 mm,單根重>0.56 g的種苗為宜。
  [關(guān)鍵詞]黨參;種苗等級(jí);產(chǎn)量;黨參炔苷;多糖
  [Abstract]The study is aimed to research the relationship between the seedling grade ofCodonopsis pilosula and yield and quality of medicinal materials, so as to provide basis for establishing seedling standard. Thirty seedlings ofC. pilosula were collected from the main production areas in Gansu province, such as Weiyuan, Minxian, Zhangxian, Dangchang and Longxi, root length and diameter and weight of all the samples were measured. According to the clustering results, seedlings were divided into 3 levels, and field experiments were conducted with three levels seedling, yield and quality were tested in laboratory. Results have showed that emergence of grades 1 was faster than that of grades 2 and 3. Yield of grades 1 was significantly higher than that of grades 2 and 3 (P<0.05). Propargyl glycoside content of grades 1 was the highest, and significantly higher than that of grades 3. Polysaccharide content of grades 3 was the highest and significantly higher than that of grades 1 and 2 (P<0.05). So considering yield, quality and investment cost of C. pilosula, planting seedlings ofC. pilosula should select that root length>15.6 cm, root diameter>2.7 mm, root weight>0.56 g.
  [Key words]Codonopsis pilosula; seedling grade; yield; propargyl glycoside; polysaccharide
  doi:10.4268/cjcmm20162111
  黨參Codonopsis pilosula(Franch.)Nannf.為桔?泣h參屬多年生草質(zhì)藤本植物,以其色白、形直、質(zhì)細(xì)、肉實(shí)和藥效穩(wěn)定者為佳。具有補(bǔ)中益氣,健脾益肺的功效[1]。近年來,關(guān)于黨參研究主要集中在栽培技術(shù)[2]、品種選育[3]、不同產(chǎn)區(qū)質(zhì)量比較[4-7]、藥材貯藏加工[8-11]等方面。黨參除應(yīng)用于醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生外,更被廣泛應(yīng)用于保健、藥膳等領(lǐng)域[12],需求量逐年增加。因此規(guī)范黨參種苗市場(chǎng),制定黨參種苗質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)迫在眉睫。鑒于此,本研究以國家基本藥物所需中藥材種子種苗繁育基地建設(shè)為契機(jī),通過不同產(chǎn)區(qū)黨參種苗質(zhì)量指標(biāo)(根長(zhǎng)、根粗、單根重等)測(cè)定—K聚類分級(jí)—田間試驗(yàn),對(duì)不同等級(jí)種苗所產(chǎn)藥材產(chǎn)量及構(gòu)成因素、藥效成分等做定量比較分析,為制定黨參種苗質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)奠定基礎(chǔ),也對(duì)規(guī)范黨參種苗市場(chǎng)提供參考。
  1 材料與方法
  1.1 試驗(yàn)樣品
  試驗(yàn)材料為不同產(chǎn)地黨參C.pilosula(渭黨2號(hào))種苗30份,分別來自甘肅省臨洮縣(2份)、渭源縣(11份)、宕昌縣(1份)、漳縣(9份)、岷縣(4份)、隴西縣(3份)等地,每份5 kg。
  1.2 儀器與試劑
  Agilent1260型高效液相色譜儀(美國安捷倫公司);AE260型1/10萬電子天平(德國賽多利斯公司);SK250H型超聲波清洗器(上?茘u超聲儀器有限公司);數(shù)顯恒溫水浴鍋(江蘇金壇市榮華儀器制造有限公司)。黨參炔苷對(duì)照品由中國科學(xué)院成都生物研究所(批號(hào)MUST-14121311)提供;乙腈為色譜純;水為超純水;其他試劑均為分析純。葡萄糖:D-無水葡萄糖由中國科學(xué)院成都生物研究所提供(批號(hào)MUST-15011214);濃硫酸、苯酚均為分析純。
  1.3 種苗分級(jí)

相關(guān)熱詞搜索:黨參 種苗 藥材 產(chǎn)量 等級(jí)

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