不同烤煙品種煙葉腺毛形態(tài)和密度的掃描電鏡觀察分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-08-24 來源: 感恩親情 點(diǎn)擊:
摘要 采用掃描電子顯微鏡對(duì)K326、貴煙2號(hào)、云煙85等3個(gè)不同品種烤煙的葉片腺毛的形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)及腺毛密度進(jìn)行了觀察。結(jié)果表明:3種烤煙的葉片腺毛包括長(zhǎng)柄腺毛、短柄腺毛,腺毛一般由1個(gè)基細(xì)胞、1至多個(gè)柄細(xì)胞和單細(xì)胞的球形頭部或多細(xì)胞的紡綞形頭部組成。長(zhǎng)柄腺毛的個(gè)體較大且最多,是烤煙煙葉腺毛的主要類型;短柄腺毛粗短、數(shù)量較少。煙葉腺毛頭部是腺毛分泌功能的主要部位,長(zhǎng)柄腺毛和短柄腺毛的頭部比相鄰的柄部膨大,特別是短柄腺毛頭部膨大明顯。
關(guān)鍵詞 烤煙;腺毛;形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu);密度;掃描電鏡
中圖分類號(hào) S572.01 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A 文章編號(hào) 1007-5739(2014)15-0010-03
Observation Analysis of Glandular Hairs Morphology and Density on Different Tobacco Varieties by Scanning
Electron Microscopy
CAI Lin 1 BAN Guo-xiang 2 GUAN Peng 1 TUO Ding-yuan 1
(1 College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang Guizhou 550025; 2 Changshun Tobacco Branch Company)
Abstract The morphology and density of glandular hairs of flue-cured tobacco variety K326,Guiyan2 and Yunyan85 leaves was observed with scanning electron microscope(SEM). The results showed that leaves glandular hairs of three kinds of flue-cured tobacco included long stalk glandular hairs and short stalk glandular hairs. The glandular hairs consisted of a basal cell,one or a few stalk cells and multi-cellular head. The individual long stalk glandular hairs bigger and the most,were the main types of flue-cured tobacco leaf glandular hairs. The short stalk glandular hairs were tubbiness and a small amount.The head of glandular hairs were the main of the secretory function parts,which was bigger than its stalk. There was difference in glandular hair density among different varieties. The density of K326 was higher(13.7 roots/mm2),the glandular hairs density of Yunyan85 and Guiyan2 was less than K326(10.06 roots/mm2 and 9.89 roots/mm2 respectively). The average density of glandular hairs of tested varieties from high to low was K326>Yunyan85>Guiyan2.
Key words flue-cured tobacco;glandular hairs;morphology;density;scanning electron microscope
煙草是世界性經(jīng)濟(jì)作物,煙葉的香氣與煙草葉片表面腺毛的分泌物有很大關(guān)系。煙草葉片表面腺毛較多,既有長(zhǎng)柄腺毛,也有短柄腺毛,腺毛是植物表皮腺結(jié)構(gòu)中的一種具有分泌功能的毛狀物,其分泌物主要是精油、樹脂、蠟質(zhì)、糖分、醇類、酮類、烷烴類等物質(zhì)[1],這些物質(zhì)與煙葉的香氣和吃味密切相關(guān),同時(shí)與煙草的抗蟲、抗微生物侵染等抗性特征有密切關(guān)系[2-5]。
腺毛形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)和腺毛密度在煙草品種選育、質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)和煙葉的煙氣化學(xué)特性等研究中具有重要意義,煙草腺毛的形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)、密度與其分泌功能有密切的關(guān)系[6-8]。近年來,有關(guān)此方面的研究引起了研究者們的關(guān)注,對(duì)于腺毛的形態(tài)學(xué)研究有使用較為傳統(tǒng)的石蠟切片技術(shù)在光學(xué)顯微鏡下觀察[9-11],有使用掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)研究烤煙腺毛形態(tài)[12-15],也有使用透射電子顯微鏡觀察烤煙的長(zhǎng)柄腺毛和短柄腺毛分泌細(xì)胞的超微結(jié)構(gòu)[16-17]。本試驗(yàn)選擇了3個(gè)烤煙品種(K326、云煙85和貴煙2號(hào)),采用掃描電鏡對(duì)其腰葉的腺毛形態(tài)、密度進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的觀察對(duì)比和分析,以期了解各種類型腺毛的形態(tài)學(xué)特征,為深入研究烤煙腺毛與煙葉品質(zhì)的關(guān)系提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。
1 材料與方法
1.1 試驗(yàn)材料
供試的3個(gè)貴州省主栽品種烤煙K326、貴煙2號(hào)和云煙85的腰葉,均采自貴州省長(zhǎng)順縣廣順鎮(zhèn)煙葉站,田間栽培技術(shù)及管理措施均與當(dāng)?shù)貎?yōu)質(zhì)煙的生產(chǎn)管理方法一致。
1.2 試驗(yàn)方法
1.2.1 樣品制備。選擇生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育正常、有代表性的煙株,在煙葉成熟時(shí),在同一天取不同品種的腰葉(煙株從下至上第9~11葉位),烤煙K326、貴煙2號(hào)和云煙85等3個(gè)品種分別取5株,每株取2片,在葉片最寬處主脈兩側(cè)的對(duì)稱位置用打孔器打孔,取2~3個(gè)圓片,同一品種的圓片進(jìn)行混合,分品種分別置于裝有2.5%戊二醛的EP管內(nèi)進(jìn)行固定,時(shí)間為4 h,再置于1%鋨酸內(nèi)固定,時(shí)間為1 h;用濃度為0.1 mol/L的磷酸緩沖液清洗圓片3次,每次清洗時(shí)間為10 min;然后逐級(jí)進(jìn)行脫水,選擇的溶劑為梯度濃度為 30%、50%、70%、90%的叔丁醇、酒精混合液,每次脫水的時(shí)間為5 min。然后置于100%叔丁醇中脫水2次,每次脫水的時(shí)間為5 min。最后一次將叔丁醇置于4 ℃的冰箱內(nèi),待叔丁醇變?yōu)楣虘B(tài),進(jìn)行冷凍真空干燥。再將干燥后的樣品用導(dǎo)電膠粘在樣品臺(tái)上,用日立E1010離子濺射儀進(jìn)行鍍金。
相關(guān)熱詞搜索:腺毛 烤煙 煙葉 密度 形態(tài)
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