上海某鎮(zhèn)60歲以上老年人體檢結果分析
發(fā)布時間:2018-06-24 來源: 感悟愛情 點擊:
摘 要 目的:了解上海嘉定區(qū)外岡鎮(zhèn)60歲以上老年人的健康狀況。方法:2016年對該鎮(zhèn)8 583名60歲以上老年人進行體檢,其中男性3 823名,平均年齡為(70.44±7.43)歲;女性4 760名,平均年齡(70.83±7.75)歲。體檢內容包括體重指數(shù)(BMI)、血壓、心電圖、空腹血糖、血脂、尿酸。結果:男性和女性的BMI超標、血壓升高、心電圖異常、血糖升高、血脂異常、高尿酸的檢出率分別為57.81%、39.59%、52.71%、15.23%、32.24%、20.19%和60.02%、43.32%、48.18%、13.35%、52.13%、20.14%。結論:嘉定區(qū)外岡鎮(zhèn)老年人群中BMI超標、心電圖異常、血壓升高、血脂異常的檢出率較高,應根據當?shù)乩夏耆巳杭膊〉姆植记闆r,開展有針對性的預防和診療措施。
關鍵詞 60歲以上老年人;體檢結果;分析
中圖分類號:R194.3 文獻標志碼:A 文章編號:1006-1533(2018)04-0051-04
Analysis of physical examination results of the elderly people over 60 years old in Waigang Community of Jiading District, Shanghai
JIAO Jie
。∣utpatient Department of Waigang Community Health Service Center of Jiading District, Shanghai 201806, China)
ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the health status of the elderly people over 60 years old in Waigang Community of Jiading District, Shanghai. Methods: In 2016, 8 583 elderly people over 60 years old in the community were examined, among them there were 3 823 males, with an average age of (70.44±7.43) years, and 4 760 females, with an average age of (70.83±7.75) years. The physical examination included body mass index(BMI), blood pressure, ECG, fasting blood glucose, blood lipids and uric acid. Results: The detection rates of BMI exceeding the standard, high blood pressure, abnormal electrocardiogram, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and high uric acid were 57.81%, 39.59%, 52.71%, 15.23%, 32.24%, 20.19% and 60.02%, 43.32%, 48.18%, 13.35%, 52.13%, 20.14% in the male and female, respectively. Conclusion: In Waigang Community of Jiading District, the detection rates of BMI, abnormal ECG, blood pressure and dyslipidemia are higher in the elderly population and the targeted prevention and treatment measures should be carried out according to the distribution of diseases among the elderly population in the local area.
KEY WORDS elderly people over 60 years old; physical examination results; analysis
隨著我國人口老齡化日趨明顯,慢性病發(fā)病率不斷上升,老年人的健康狀況顯得尤為重要,為老人提供更有針對性的醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務,已成為社區(qū)衛(wèi)生工作的重中之重。本研究旨在通過對上海市嘉定區(qū)外岡鎮(zhèn)60周歲以上常住居民的體檢,了解該鎮(zhèn)老年人群健康問題,為開展社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務提供參考和依據。
1 對象和方法
1.1 研究對象
在居民自愿參與的原則下,納入的研究對象須符合下列條件:(1)外岡鎮(zhèn)60周歲以上常住居民;(2)參加本市各類基本醫(yī)療保險和基本醫(yī)療保障;(3)與轄區(qū)家庭醫(yī)生建立契約關系。共納入8 583名60歲以上老年人,其中男性3 823名,平均年齡為(70.44±7.43)歲,女性4 760名,平均年齡(70.83±7.75)歲。
1.2 方法
體重指數(shù)(BMI)是通過測量體重和身高計算而得。血壓是受檢者在室溫下靜息5~10 min,由經過培訓的醫(yī)務人員進行測定,測量3次取平均值。心電圖是受檢者取仰臥位,平靜呼吸,全身放松,避免肌肉顫抖,由具有資質的醫(yī)務人員行常規(guī)心電圖檢查并記錄結果。采集清晨空腹靜脈血2~3 mL,測量血糖、糖化血紅蛋白、血脂(總膽固醇、甘油三脂)和尿酸。
診斷標準:(1)根據衛(wèi)生部《中國成人超重和肥胖癥預防控制指南》推薦的標準,以BMI≥24 kg/ m2為超標[1]。(2)以收縮壓(SBP)≥140 mmHg和(或)舒張壓(DBP)≥90 mmHg為血壓升高[2]。(3)心電圖異常以《診斷學》第7版為標準[3]。(4)空腹血糖(FPG)大于6.1 mmol/L為血糖升高,糖化血紅蛋白(HbA1c)≥6.5%為異常結果[2];(5)總膽固醇(TC)大于5.2 mmol/L和(或)甘油三脂(TG)大于1.7 mmol/L為血脂異常[4];(6)男性尿酸≥417 μmol/L,女性≥357 μmol/L為高尿酸血癥[5]。
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