同性美文
發(fā)布時間:2017-02-13 來源: 美文摘抄 點擊:
同性美文篇一:美文欣賞20篇
美文欣賞20篇
低頭的智慧
美國著名的政治家和科學家、《獨立宣言》起草人之一的富蘭克林,有一次到一位前輩家拜訪,當他準備從小門進入時,因為小門的門框過于低矮,他的頭被狠狠地撞了一下。出來迎接的前輩微笑著對富蘭克林說:“很疼是吧?可是,這應該是你今天拜訪我的最大收獲。你要記。阂肫桨矡o事地活在這人世間,你就必須時時記得低頭!睆拇,富蘭克林把“記得低頭”作為畢生為人處世的座右銘。
雖然我們都是凡人,與富蘭克林不能相提并論,但也應該時時刻刻學會低頭,懂得低頭,敢于低頭。生命的重荷負載過多,就低一低頭,卸去那份多余的沉重。面對自己的錯誤和不足,也要學會“低頭”。只有學會低頭,才能正視自己的錯誤。
民間有句非常貼切的諺語:“低頭的是稻穗,昂頭的是稗子”。越成熟越飽滿的稻穗,頭垂得越低。只有那些稗子,才會顯擺招搖,始終把頭抬得老高。
冬青花
好多個春了,我一直看著冬青花開。也好多次了,我總是在冬青花開的時候折下一小穗,
悄悄地遞到鼻邊,反復的聞著它那散發(fā)著幽幽的清香。
我承認我不注意冬青這花當它衰敗的時候會是什么模樣,也許是很凄美的吧,也許也是很壯烈的吧?
春意正濃,氣暖怡人。上班的閑隙里,我在一片綠草地上漫步,看書,思索。
遙望著小鎮(zhèn)的街道,總感到它許久以來是那樣的冷清,孤寂,讓人心寒?磥斫裉煲膊粫鍪裁刺貏e的地方吧,我在想。不過,好奇的雙眼還是期盼能在那冷清的街上獵奇到什么?
一切如故,除開一些稀疏的人影,最顯眼的就是那一樹正迎春怒放的冬青花!
往日默默無聞的一棵樹,多少次路過它的身旁都不注意,今天它卻在遠處牽引著我的視線。就像我們?nèi)税,當誰在我們周圍默默流汗,悄無聲息的奮斗時,又引起誰的注意?只是當他一鳴驚人的時候,我們才悟出他早就存在了與生俱來的一種美。因此,善于發(fā)現(xiàn)美的伯樂,不得不令我們肅然起敬!
我旁邊也有一排修整得像一塊磚的冬青,但它四季常青,也不開花的。街道旁的那棵冬青,無拘無束的生長著,從不遭受剪刀的修理和園丁的指指劃劃。遠遠看過去,它極像老女人的頭發(fā),雪白的發(fā)絲散披下來,飄逸中略顯一絲野性。
冬青的花在開,開得正濃,開的正緊,像在趕集,每一枝都爭先恐后的。
許是花開得太多了吧,一穗一穗的壓彎了枝頭。在遠處凝視它,隱隱約約地聞到縷縷清香。
論貌美,論濃艷,冬青花是排不上號的。它的花骨朵就像一粒粒米白色的沙子,白里泛黃。一粒粒打著球兒精致著,粉嫩著,透出一股子噴薄的生命力。綻放的花瓣也是小得像一粒谷子,近看,你便會發(fā)現(xiàn),冬青花白中透著淡黃,淡黃中隱隱藏著嫩嫩的草綠來。無論是白,是黃,還是綠,都像是被晨露洗了似的,顯得潮潤、明亮、富有溫馨、甜蜜、清香感。
它不是花中的大家閨秀,而是小家碧玉。
它不喜歡濃抹,卻鐘情于淡妝;它也不喜歡大肆宣揚,卻深藏不露。它用自己的幽香引來了蜂圍蝶陣,它也用自己的含蓄之美贏得了人們的垂青,贊嘆,傾倒。
在以前中學的校園里,我就是在一次偶然的路過時發(fā)現(xiàn)了它的,而且還是在一個比較幽靜而且人跡罕至的角落里。也算得上是機緣巧合吧。在這之前我是想不到它還會開花的。因為在我們的意識里,常常是見它在庭院里被園丁修整得很完美無缺的一排排,方的,要么就是圓的。
但我卻是喜歡沒有被修整過的冬青樹,也喜歡冬青的花。喜歡它在不被人知道的角落里獨自散放一份淡淡的清幽,無怨無悔的在春天里奉獻自己生命中最絢麗的一刻。它無憂無求,并不刻意去轟轟烈烈地活著,但求生命里的那份
純真與靜美。
紫 薇
下午考試回來,心情頗有些悠閑,邊慢悠悠的走邊四處張望,突然見到紫薇已經(jīng)長出了茂密的葉子,再走兩步,又更驚喜地發(fā)現(xiàn)已有了花骨朵,小小的嫩嫩的,整齊地排在細長的枝條上,向斜下舒展開。再細細地看,甚至最末端的一兩朵已經(jīng)開了。
紫薇是屬于夏天的花。冬天,學校里的紫薇是最難看的時候,整個上半截都被人工削掉,只剩下光禿禿的一個分叉杵在路邊,仿佛沒有了生命。春天,萬物復蘇,草木都陸陸續(xù)續(xù)長出嫩芽,紫薇仍然一如故我,老僧入定般挺著依舊干枯的枝干,任紅塵紫陌柳亂花飛,絲毫不為所動。直到夏天來臨,紫薇的生命像是突然見蘇醒了一般,飛快地發(fā)芽,生出葉子,抽出細長的枝條,長成花苞,這一切那么迅速,在你還沒有反應過來的時候就已經(jīng)塵埃落定。也許上一次留意的時候它還是那么光禿禿的沒有生氣,再見卻已經(jīng)含苞欲放。
紫薇花盛開的時候煞是繁盛,名副其實的花團錦簇,一朵朵小花緊緊地擠滿了枝頭,把斜向上生長的枝條墜出了弧形,與下方的綠葉相映成趣。校園里的紫薇印象最深的有兩處,一是西側(cè)門荷塘附近的路邊,一是理科樓周圍,理科樓前的一棵白紫薇尤其漂亮。這些紫薇樹都不大,不過一人多高,我原本以為紫薇就該如此,直到看到紫竹院的紫薇。那棵紫薇已然長成了大樹,足足有七八米高,四周擴散開的傘一樣的樹冠籠下來,綠葉中雜了鮮艷的花朵,遠遠的在陽光下很好看。
紫薇的花期比較長,從夏天一直開到秋天,俗稱百日紅。紫薇還有一個很有趣的別名,叫做“癢癢樹”,“紫薇花開百日紅,輕撫枝干全樹動!薄肚⑴f聞》中有一條“紅薇花”講:“紅薇花,或曰便是不耐癢樹也。其花夏開,秋猶不落,世呼百日紅!倍顫O在《閑情偶寄》里寫紫薇的一段特別有趣:
“人謂禽獸有知,草木無知。予曰:不然。禽獸草木盡是有知之物,但禽獸之知,稍異于人,草木之知,又稍異于禽獸,漸蠢則漸愚耳。何以知之?知之于紫薇樹之怕癢。知癢則知痛,知痛癢則知榮辱利害,是去禽獸不遠,猶禽獸之去人不遠也。人謂樹之怕癢者,只有紫薇一種,余則不然。予曰:草木同性,但觀此樹怕癢,即知無草無木不知痛癢,但紫薇能動,他樹不能動耳。人又問:既然不動,何以知其識痛癢?予曰:就人搔扒而不動者,豈人亦不知痛癢乎?由是觀之,草木之受誅鋤,猶禽獸之被宰殺,其苦其痛,俱有不忍言者。人能以待紫薇者待一切草木,待一切草木者待禽獸與人,則斬伐不敢妄施,而有疾痛相關之義矣!
草木有知,這是貼近自然享受生活的人才有的感觸,而“待一切草木者待禽獸與人”,則隱約有了些佛家眾生平等的味道。而荀子在《非相篇》中則強調(diào)“以人為本”的重要性:“水火有氣而無生,草木有生而無知,禽獸有知而無義。人有生有氣有知,亦且有義。故最為天下貴也!辈菽居兄埠脽o知也罷,這是見仁見智的事情,然則草木不語,處于生物鏈底層的它們,更加沒有話語權(quán),不幸只有遭人蹂躪的份了。
感謝生活
有時候,我會想,也許可能在某一天,在沒有任何預感的時候,我就被上帝收去。如果有必要說些什么,那我準備的話就是:
痛苦之前我感謝生活,它給我平安;痛苦之后我感謝生活,它給我幸福;痛苦之中我感謝生活,它給我體驗。 繁華之前我感謝生活,它給我安寧;繁華之后我感謝生活,它給我沉靜;繁華之中我感謝生活,它給我高潮。 愛情之前我感謝生活,它給我純美;愛情之后我感謝生活,它給我豐富;愛情之中我感謝生活,它給我狂熱。我感謝生活,它值得我感謝。悲傷,喜悅,殘缺,遺憾,它的一切我都在感謝中照單全收。
罪惡之前我感謝生活,它給我簡單;罪惡之后我感謝生活,它給我深沉;罪惡之中我感謝生活,它給我掙扎。丑陋之前我感謝生活,它給我嫵媚;丑陋之后我感謝生活,它給我淡定;丑陋之中我感謝生活,它給我煎熬。衰老之前我感謝生活,它給我青春;衰老之后我感謝生活,它給我從容;衰老之中我感謝生活,它給我過程。我感謝生活,它值得我感謝。每一個細節(jié),每一種滋味,每一滴淚水掉進笑魘。
沒有天堂,生活就是天堂。
有許多人在天堂里睡著。
我知道:此時,我是一個醒了的天使。
走好花季雨季
18歲是花季雨季。在這個季節(jié)里,是流行困惑、易被斜風細雨淋濕稚嫩心靈的年齡,是充滿幻想、迎接挑戰(zhàn)的年齡。在這個年齡,有很多東西可以喜歡,有很多東西值得珍藏:喜歡一邊聽著音樂一邊與天南海北的MM或GG聊天;喜歡唱一些讓我們聽不大懂、聽不怎么明白的英文歌,什么《LONGLONG AGO》:“請給我講那親切的故事,多年以前,多年以前;請給我唱我愛聽的歌曲,多年以前,多年以前??”喜歡網(wǎng)上流行小說,諸如《第一次親密接觸》里的那個“輕舞飛揚”,以及《那小子真帥》(好象是一位韓國18歲的女孩子的暢銷書);喜歡追星,在自己小小的書房里,貼滿了F4、TWINS、張信哲、周杰倫、孫燕姿的圖片,不管功課多么緊,總喜歡一邊做作業(yè)一邊聽這些“星”的歌曲;18歲的年齡,人生才剛剛起步,有時也喜歡懷舊,在夜深人靜之時,常常懷想小學、初中的同學少年,懷想逝去的少年時光,懷舊的情緒如同暮春的潮汐一般輕輕緩緩地拍打著心靈的堤岸??
人們把這個年齡稱為花季雨季,是因為這個年齡如花一樣爛漫、如雨一樣纏綿。這個時候的諸多“喜歡”,總是那么純、那么美!
實際上,18歲,成長才剛剛開始,外面的世界很大,遠方的路還很遠很遠,此時,微笑、淚水、歡喜、嘆息,都是第一次,對這彌足珍貴的第一次,一定要記得珍惜,因為美好的時光總是最決絕的,說走就走,失去了永遠不會再來。
放大你的優(yōu)點
一個窮困潦倒的青年,流浪到巴黎,期望父親的朋友能幫助自己找到一份謀生的差事。\'數(shù)學精通嗎\'父親的朋友問他。青年搖搖頭。\'歷史,地理怎樣?\'青年還是搖搖頭。\'那法律呢?\'青年窘迫地垂下頭。父親的朋友接連發(fā)問,青年只能搖頭告訴對方------自己連絲毫的優(yōu)點也找不出來。\'那你先把住址寫下來吧。\'青年寫下了自己的住址,轉(zhuǎn)身要走,卻被父親的朋友一把拉住了:\'你的名字寫的很漂亮嘛,這就是你的優(yōu)點啊,你不該只滿足找一份糊口的工作。\'數(shù)年后,青年果然寫出享譽世界的經(jīng)典作品。他就是家喻戶曉的法國18世紀著名作家大仲馬。
世間許多平凡之輩,都要一些小優(yōu)點,但由于自卑常被忽略了。其實,每個平淡的生命中,都蘊涵著一座豐富金礦,只要肯挖掘,就會挖出令自己都驚訝不已的寶藏......
敬重微卑
偶然讀到一篇英文文章,講的是螞蟻。
螞蟻家族和和睦睦,忙忙碌碌,母蟻生兒,公蟻持家,在我們從未看在眼里放在心頭的原野繁衍生息,想不到小小生靈,竟活得如此滋潤如此有秩序,尤其令我震驚的是它們面對災難時的行為。野火燒起來的時候,你知道螞蟻如何逃生嗎?
眾多螞蟻聚攏抱成黑團,像雪球一樣飛連滾動,逃離火海。當讀到這段文字,心中莫名地震動了一下,深為這卑微的力量所感動,仿佛我看見熊熊山火在燒,一團黑色正沿山脊流動;聽到“噼叭”的燒焦聲,那是最外一層的螞蟻在用軀體開拓求生之路。假如沒有抱成團的智慧,假如沒有最外一層的犧牲,渺小卑微的螞蟻家族絕對全軍覆沒。生命的渺小,全體的單薄并沒有什么可怕,甚至命運的卑微也不能決斷什么,可怕的是忽視了微薄的力量,懈怠了潛在的精神。
敬重卑微,使我把生命看得嚴肅,看得深刻厚重,看得偉大而堅強,像一根細小的針,螞蟻以卑微的精神穿過我孱弱的外表,刺痛我的靈魂,比起螞蟻,我們有什么理由玩世不恭、自暴自棄。
世上堪稱偉大的東西,往往不是體積,而是精神。千里之堤,潰于蟻穴,這是卑微者的威嚴和挑戰(zhàn)。 你就是一座金礦
有這樣一個青年,大學畢業(yè)已經(jīng)工作兩三年了。他在聽了一次成功心理課之后,頗受啟發(fā)和鼓舞,心情為之振奮。他在課上的當眾講話練習中說:“所有的成功者,盡管他們的出身、學歷、境遇、職業(yè)和個性等等各不相同,但有一點是共同的,就是自信主動。自信,是成功的第一要訣。今后,我一定要自信!“大家對他的發(fā)言報以熱烈的掌聲。
可是,過了沒多久,他又變得情緒低落了。他不明白為什么自己上課的時候信心十足,可一回到單位就變得不自信了。原來,他所在的研究室,所有的工作人員都比他學歷高,不是博士就是碩士,只有他一個人是大本。所以,不論他在家里事先想得有多么好,只要一上班就“前功盡棄“,只感到自卑而無法自信。 美文采擷,經(jīng)典美 由此看來,自信的道理不難領會,但要真正擁有自信意識,就不那么簡單了。自信還是自卑,是和別人比較出來的嗎?是由學歷、職務和業(yè)績的高低所決定的嗎?說來這位大本畢業(yè)的年輕人本該很自信了,因為就整個社會而言,他已經(jīng)是“天之驕子“了。然而他又很“不幸“,在本單位里他的學歷卻最低,因而他無法樹立起自信心。那么,他若成為碩士、博士就能擁有自信了嗎?恐怕不行,因為碩士、博士的上面還有研究員和院士呢!如果真的這樣比下去的話,恐怕他即使當上了國家總統(tǒng)也難以自信,因為一個窮國的總統(tǒng)見到富國的總統(tǒng)便又會不自信了??顯然,一個人要真正擁有自信、首先要突破這種“狹隘比較“的心理障礙。
一個人憑什么自信呢?
有人說,自信來源于成功的暗示,也就是說,某項重任或創(chuàng)新一旦成功了,這個人就會自信。然而,此話雖不無道理,卻仍未道出自信的根本依據(jù)。一個人在做某件事,尤其是在擔當重任或大膽創(chuàng)新的時候,就需要自信,也應當自信,而不是只有在成功之后才能自信。 美文 如果你覺得自己不夠聰明、能干和美麗,往往是因為你把自己和別人相比較的緣故,或者是把現(xiàn)實中的自己和理想中的模式相比較的結(jié)果。人們常常是看到別人怎么美好和幸運,總希望那些美好和幸運能被自己所擁有,卻很少想到完全可以通過努力來改變自己,使自己變得更加聰明、能干和美麗,再塑一個全新的自我。
“認識自我“這句鐫刻在古希臘戴爾菲城那座神廟里惟一的碑銘,猶如一把千年不熄的火炬,表達了人類與生俱來的內(nèi)在要求和至高無上的思考命題。尼采曾說:“聰明的人只要能認識自己,便什么也不會失去!叭缃瘢S著社會的不斷發(fā)展,人們對于自我的認識,也進入了一個突破性的新階段。事實上,每個人都有巨大的潛能,每個人都有自己獨特的個性和長處,每個人都可以選擇自己的目標,并通過不懈的努力去爭取屬于自己的成功。
認識自我,是我們每個人自信的基礎與依據(jù)。即使你處境不利,遇事不順,但只要你賴以自信的巨大潛能和獨特個性及優(yōu)勢依然存在,你就可以堅信:我能行,我能成功。一個人在自己的生活經(jīng)歷中,在自己所處的社會境遇中,能否真正認識自我、肯定自我,如何塑造自我形象,如何把握自我發(fā)展,如何抉擇積極或消極的自我意識,將在很大程度上影響或決定著一個人的前程與命運。換句話說,你可能渺小而平庸,也可能美好而杰出,這在很大程度上取決于你的自我意識究竟如何,取決于你是否能夠擁有真正的自信。請記住,認識自我,你就是一座金礦,擁有自信、自主、自愛,你就一定能夠在自己的人生中展出現(xiàn)應有的風采。
我是最棒的!我一定會成功!
我是最棒的我一定會成功!
有人曾經(jīng)做過這樣一個實驗:他往一個玻璃杯里放進一只跳蚤,發(fā)現(xiàn)跳蚤立即輕易地跳了出來。再重復幾遍,結(jié)果還是一樣。根據(jù)測試,跳蚤跳的高度一般可達它身體的400倍左右。
接下來實驗者再次把這只跳蚤放進杯子里,不過這次是立即同時在杯上加一個玻璃蓋,“嘣”的一聲,跳蚤重重地撞在玻璃蓋上。跳蚤十分困惑,但是它不會停下來,因為跳蚤的生活方式就是“跳”。一次次被撞,跳蚤開始變得聰明起來了,它開始根據(jù)蓋子的高度來調(diào)整自己跳的高度。再一陣子以后呢,發(fā)現(xiàn)這只跳蚤再也沒有撞擊到這個蓋子,而是在蓋子下面自由地跳動。一天后,實驗者開始把這個蓋子輕輕拿掉了,它還是在原來的這個高度繼續(xù)地跳。三天以后,他發(fā)現(xiàn)這只跳蚤還在那里跳。一周以后發(fā)現(xiàn),這只可憐的跳蚤還在這個玻璃杯里不停地跳著,其實它已經(jīng)無法跳出這個玻璃杯了。
生活中,是否有許多人也在過著這樣的“跳蚤人生”?年輕時意氣風發(fā),屢屢去嘗試成功,但是往往事與愿違,屢屢失敗。幾次失敗以后,他們便開始不是抱怨這個世界的不公平,就是懷疑自己的能力,他們不是千方百計去追求成功,而是一再地降低成功的標準,即使原有的一切限制已取消。就像剛才的“玻璃蓋”雖然被取掉,但他們早已經(jīng)被撞怕了,或者已習慣了,不再跳上新的高度了。人們往往因為害怕去追求成功,而甘愿忍受失敗者的生活。 難道跳蚤真的不能跳出這個杯子嗎?絕對不是。只是它的心里面已經(jīng)默認了這個杯子的高度是自己無法逾越的。
你而為!!!!
讓這只跳蚤再次跳出這個玻璃杯的方法十分簡單,只需拿一根小棒子突然重重地敲一下杯子;或者拿一盞酒精燈在杯底加熱,當跳蚤熱得受不了的時候,它就會“嘣”的一下,跳了出來。 美文采擷,
人有些時候也是這樣。很多人不敢去追求成功,不是追求不到成功,而是因為他們的心里面也默認了一個“高度”,這個高度常常暗示自己的潛意識:成功是不可能的,這是沒有辦法做到的。
“心理高度”是人無法取得成就的根本原因之一。
要不要跳?能不能跳過這個高度?能有多大的成功?這一切問題的答案,并不需要等到事實結(jié)果的出現(xiàn),而只要看看一開始每個人對這些問題是如何思考的,就已經(jīng)知道答案了。
不要自我設限。每天都大聲地告訴自己:我是最棒的,我一定會成功!
誰先升起誰便是太陽
在這個世界上,人物的大小從來都是相對而言的。大不大,看你是不是站在一個特殊的位置上。老鼠站在牛頭上,老鼠就最大。
一棵小草長在山崖上,高傲地對山谷里的松樹說:“我比你高,你不服嗎?”松樹爭辯道:“假如不是長在山崖上,又有誰會理睬你!”
然而,現(xiàn)實就是現(xiàn)實,生活是不相信“假如”,也沒有那么多“假如”。你是城里人,你有高學歷,你占據(jù)天時地利人和,按理你應該較快發(fā)展的,但你過分講面子,計地位,過分看重名譽,看重身份,你用過多的時間去觀望,去選擇,去思考,去比較,結(jié)果失去了發(fā)展的機遇。剩下的只有去羨慕。毛澤東出身“泥腿子”,后來學了師范,但他不熱衷于當個教書匠,他沒學過軍事,卻粉碎了四次圍剿,指揮了三大戰(zhàn)役。問題不在于學什么,而關鍵在于干什么,怎么干。
過去有人因為讀多了幾本書,于是看不起“泥腿子”,而數(shù)年之后“泥腿子”卻神不知鬼不覺地住上了洋樓,有了私人轎車和企業(yè),而自己還在為“處長、教授”苦苦奮斗著,想跳出凡人之界,卻又常生凡人之念,心態(tài)總難平衡。心態(tài)不平衡做官做不成,做學問無望,反過來只有“滿腹牢騷”相隨相伴。
仰起頭是陽光,是白云,是藍天,美好的東西、理想的東西總是在高處、遠處,看得見、聽得到,就是摸不著,抓不著,俯下身的時候是大地,是耕耘的勞累與艱辛,是汗珠子摔八瓣;俯下身的時候是孤獨與沉默,是凄涼與無人喝彩,俯下身太久了,可以抬起頭看陽光、藍天、白云,出一口長氣,擦一把汗,但看久了陽光會刺傷眼睛,白云也會飄散,剩下只有空蕩蕩的藍天。
有人曾有一句座右銘:“凍死迎風站,餓死不彎腰!甭犉饋砗鼙瘔,很有骨氣,但仔細想想,死了站著還有什么用,死了腰板再直又能證明什么呢?人應該有骨氣,有理想,但絕對不是什么時候都直立著。生活告訴人們,人不是什么時候都要站立著,更多的時間是坐著、趴著、躺著、側(cè)著,彎著也并不少見。
小草是偉大的,因為他曾經(jīng)卑微,但不滿卑微,因為他為改變卑微付出了艱辛。松樹是卑微的,因為他曾經(jīng)高大,基因使他從胎里就學會了傲視同類。高大偉岸可以成全一個人,也可以毀悼一個人,卑微的可以站在高處,高大的也可能落入山谷。大自然沒有這樣的法則,松樹一定要長在山崖上,小草必須長在山谷里。
大自然奉行的法則是:“誰先升起誰便是太陽!
品味牽掛
牽掛是一顆心對另一顆心的深深惦記,是親情,是相思,是幸福。牽掛是一種生命的形態(tài),是所有人都會尋找都會珍愛的情感場所和心理磁場。鑒別感情深淺的最好方式是牽掛的長短!翱兹笘|南飛”的美麗傳說,“孟姜女哭長城”的千古絕唱,“梁山伯與祝英臺”的悲歡離合,“思君如滿月,夜夜減清輝”的妙句佳音都描述著因牽掛到極點,終致面容消瘦,直到付出生命的故事,留給我們一份至真至純的悲涼的美麗。
走進人生便走進了牽掛,擁有了牽掛,便擁有了感情的寄托,“慈母手中線”是充滿了親情的牽掛,“少小離家老大回”是溢滿鄉(xiāng)情的牽掛,“但愿人長久”是徜徉戀情的牽掛,“遙知兄弟登高處”是牽掛的缺憾,“愿君多采擷”是牽掛的寄托,“勸君更飲一杯酒”是牽掛的蘊涵。
同性美文篇二:經(jīng)典美文
An AIDS Mystery Solved
(1) About 15 years ago, a well-meaning man donated blood to the Red Cross in Sydney,
Australia, not knowing he has been exposed to HIV-1, the virus that causes AIDS. Much later, public-health officials learned that some of the people who got transfusions? containing his blood had become infected with the same virus; presumably they were almost sure to die. But as six years stretched to 10, then to 14, the anxiety of health officials gave way to astonishment.
Although two of the recipients have died from other causes, not one of the seven people known to have received transfusions of the man’s contaminated blood has come down with AIDS. More telling still, the donor, a sexually active homosexual, is also healthy. In fact his immune system remains as robust as if he had never tangled with HIV at all. What could explain such unexpected good fortune?
(2) A team of Australian scientists has finally solved the mystery. The virus that the donor
contracted and then passed on, the team reported last week in the journal Science. contains flaws in its genetic script that appear to have rendered it innocuous?. “Not only have the recipients and the donor not progressed to disease for 15 years,” marvels molecular biologist Nicholas Deacon of Australia’s Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Re-search, “but the prediction is that they never will.” Deacon speculates that this “impotent” HIV may even be a natural inoculant? that protects its carriers against more virulent strains? of the virus, much as infection with cowpox warded off smallpox in 18th-century milkmaids.
(3) If this ______ proves right, it will mark a milestone in the battle to contain the late-20th century’s most ter-rible epidemic. For in addition to explaining why this small group of people infected with HIV has not become sick, the discovery of a viral strain that works like a vaccine would have far-reaching implications. “What these results suggest,” says Dr. Barney Graham of Tennessee’s Vanderbilt University, “is that HIV is vulnerable and that it is possible to stimulate effective immunity against it.”
(4) The strain of HIV that popped up? in Sydney intrigues scientists because it contains striking abnormalities in a gene that is believed to stimulate viral duplication. In fact, the virus is missing so much of this particular gene — known as nef, for negative factor — that it is hard to imagine how the gene could perform any useful function. And sure enough, while the Sydney virus retains the ability to infect T cells — white blood cells that are critical to the immune system’s ability to ward off infection — it makes so few copies of itself that the most powerful molecular tools can barely detect its presence. Some of the infected Australians, for example, were found to carry as few as one or two copies of the virus for every 100000 T cells. People with AIDS, by contrast, are burdened with viral loads thousands of times higher.
(5) At the very least, the nef gene offers an attractive target for drug developers. If its activity can be blocked, suggests Deacon, researchers might be able to hold the progression of disease at bay, even in people who have developed full-blown AIDS. The need for better AIDS-fighting drugs was underscored last week by the actions of a U.S. Food and Drug Administration advisory panel, which recommended speedy approval of two new AIDS drugs, including the first of a new class of
compounds called protease? inhibitors?. Although FDA commissioner David Kessler was quick to praise the new drugs, neither medication can prevent or cure AIDS once it has taken hold.
(6) What scientists really want is a vaccine that can prevent infection altogether. And that’s what makes the Sydney virus so promising — and so controversial. Could HIV itself, stripped of nef and adjacent sections of genetic material, provide the basis for such a vaccine, as Deacon and his colleagues cautiously suggest? Ongo-ing work on SIV, the simian? immunodeficiency virus that causes an AIDS-like illness in monkeys, indicates that this might be less far-fetched than it sounds. Ronald Desrosiers at the New England Regional Primate Re-search Center has demonstrated that when the nef gene is removed from SIV, the virus no longer has the power to make monkeys sick. Moreover, monkeys inoculated? with the nef free SIV developed marked resistance to the more virulent strain.
(7) But few scientists are enthusiastic about testing the proposition by injecting HIV — however weakened — into millions of people who have never been infected. After all, they note, HIV is a retrovirus?, a class of infec-tious agents known for their alarming ability to integrate their own genes into the DNA of the cells they infect. Thus once it takes effect, a retrovirus infection — unlike those of viruses that cause measles, smallpox and any number of others diseases — is permanent. While some retroviruses are benign, others can strike without warn-ing. Some remain hidden for years, only to trigger disease late in life when the immune system starts to de-crease.
(8) This makes vaccine development extremely risky. A weakened strain of SIV that protected adult monkeys, for example, looked safe until researchers at the Dana Farber Cancer Institute in Boston showed that newborn monkeys with immature immune systems did not respond as healthy adults do. All the young primates, in fact, developed the very disease the weakened virus was supposed to prevent. For this and a host of other reasons, most AIDS researchers argue that the only prudent strategy is to concoct? a hybrid? vaccine, putting the key features of a disabled AIDS virus into something more benign than a retrovirus. Among the leading candidates: the vaccinia virus that successfully wiped out smallpox.
(9) A handful of researchers, however, argue that the more dangerous retroviral vaccine should not be written off prematurely. Desrosiers, for one, believes the situation in parts of the developing world (where the chance of HIV infection may reach 40% among sexually active adults) has
become so desperate that a retroviral vaccine may be worth the ______. A live vaccine made from HIV, he maintains, can be made safer by removing not just the nef gene but several others as well. Desrosiers has found that he can cripple HIV by chemically deleting four of its nine known genes and still get a virus that replicates, at least in chimpanzees.
(10) At present, concerns about safety are so overwhelming that effors to develop a live retroviral vaccine are unlikely to win much support. But that could change as studies of long-term survivors — that small, charmed circle of people who have been infected with the AIDS virus but have remained disease-free — provide new in-sights into the weaknesses of the viral enemy and the untapped strengths of its human targets. “These individu-als,” observes Dr. Warner Greene, director of the Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology in San Fran-cisco, “are natural experiments, and they hold a great secret that we are still trying to decipher?.” Indeed, it is
entirely possible that the eight Australians who have caused such a stir will be cited by medical texts as the first people on the planet to be successfully, if accidentally, vaccinated against the AIDS virus — a virus that until now has seemed all but invincible.
【參考譯文】: 艾滋之謎揭曉
(1) 大約在15年前,澳大利亞悉尼有一位人士好心向紅十字會捐血,不知道自己已感染HIV-1型——這是造成艾滋病的病毒。多年以后,公共衛(wèi)生官員發(fā)現(xiàn),有些接受他血液輸血的人,也受到病毒感染。這些人應該是難逃死亡的噩運?墒6年、10年、14年過去了,衛(wèi)生官員的焦慮變?yōu)轶@奇。雖然其中有兩個人因其他原因死亡,可是接受遭污染血液輸血的這7個人當中,沒有一個人罹患艾滋病。更引人注目的是,那位捐血人——一個有性行為的同性戀者——仍然活得好好的。他的免疫系統(tǒng)十分強壯,就像從沒染上HIV一樣。這種意外的好運要如何解釋?
(2) 一批澳大利亞科學家終于解開了謎團。他們在上周的《科學》期刊發(fā)表報告指出:這位捐血人染上然后傳出去的病毒,基因結(jié)構(gòu)有缺陷,可能因此變成無害。澳大利亞麥法蘭? 伯奈特醫(yī)學研究中心的分子生物學家迪肯嘖嘖稱奇:“捐血人與輸血人不僅15年來沒有發(fā)病,而且應該永遠不會發(fā)病!钡峡洗竽懠僭O這種無能的HIV甚至可能是天然的疫苗,可以保護帶原者不受更厲害的病毒品種侵襲,就好像18世紀擠牛奶的女工感染牛痘之后就能抵抗天花一樣。
(3) 如果這個預感成真,那么在圍堵20世紀末最可怕的傳染病的戰(zhàn)斗上,要立下一座里程碑。因為,發(fā)現(xiàn)一種具有疫苗功能的病毒品種,不僅能解釋這一小群受到HIV感染的人何以不發(fā)病,還具有更深遠的涵義。田納西州范德堡大學的格雷姆博士說:“這些結(jié)果暗示HIV也有弱點,也表示有可能刺激免疫系統(tǒng)來有效地對抗它!
(4)在悉尼發(fā)現(xiàn)的這種HIV品種,引起科學家高度的頭趣,因為它有一個基因嚴重異常。一般認為這是刺激病毒去復制自我的基因。這種病毒在這個叫做“否因”(代表否定因素)的基因中大部分殘缺不全,很難想象這個基因能產(chǎn)生什么作用。果然,這種悉尼病毒雖然有能力感染T細胞(免疫系統(tǒng)對抗感染時最關鍵的白血球細胞),可是復制的能力極差,連最強大的分子工具也很難偵測到它的存在。就拿受到感染的這些澳大利亞人來說,其中有些人體內(nèi)每10萬個T細胞才有一二個病毒。相反的,艾滋病患者則要承擔高幾千倍的病毒量。
(5)“否因”基因最低限度對制藥公司是很大的誘惑。迪肯認為,假如能夠阻斷這種基因的活動,研究人員就有可能阻止病情的進展,就算是已經(jīng)全面發(fā)作的艾滋病病人也一樣有用。對更好的艾滋藥物需求十分殷切,這由美國食品藥物管理局(FDA)顧問小組上周的一項行動可以看出。這個小組建議盡快批準兩種艾滋新藥,包括一類全新的化合物,稱為蛋白酶抑制劑。FDA局長戴維? 凱斯勒迅速贊揚這些新藥,可是這兩種藥都無法預防艾滋病,在感染艾滋病毒后也無法治愈。
(6)科學家真正想要的是能完全預防感染的疫苗,所以悉尼病毒才被寄以厚望,也才會引起爭議。HIV病毒除去“否因”與鄰近的一些基因物質(zhì)后,是否真如迪肯和他的同僚審慎暗示的一樣,可以作為艾滋病疫苗的基礎?這個構(gòu)想聽來很牽強,但是目前對猿猴免疫不全病毒(SIV,造成猿猴罹患類似艾滋病的病毒)所做的研究顯示并非毫無根據(jù)。新英格蘭區(qū)靈長類研究中心的戴斯羅士已經(jīng)證明,從SIV中除去“否因”基因后,病毒就無法使猿猴發(fā)病。而
且,猿猴接種過已去除“否因”的SIV后,會發(fā)展出明顯的抵抗力,可以抵抗毒性強的SIV品種。
(7) 但是沒有幾個科學家熱衷于檢驗這個構(gòu)想——在幾百萬個沒有感染過艾滋病的人身上注射HIV(不論削弱到什么程度)?茖W家指出,畢竟HIV是逆轉(zhuǎn)錄酶病毒。這種傳染媒介原以一種可怕的能力著稱:能把本身的基因合并到受感染細胞的DNA內(nèi)。所以一旦感染上逆轉(zhuǎn)錄酶病毒,就永遠擺脫不掉。這和造成麻疹,天花以及其他許多疾病的病毒都不一樣。有些種類的逆轉(zhuǎn)錄酶病毒是良性的,也有一些發(fā)作起來毫無征兆。有些則是潛伏多年,直到人進入老年,免疫系統(tǒng)功能衰退時才發(fā)病。
(8)因此,開發(fā)疫苗的風險極大。舉例來說,有一種削弱了的SIV病毒可以保護成年猴子,似乎也很安全?墒遣ㄊ款D戴納? 法柏癌癥研究所的人員后來發(fā)現(xiàn),初生的小猴,免疫系統(tǒng)尚不成熟,反應也和健康的成猴不同。這些小猴全部發(fā)生了當初用弱性疫苗所要預防的疾病。因為這個案例,再加上許多別的原因,艾滋病研究人員大多主張,唯一較謹慎的策略是調(diào)配出混種病毒,也就是把弱化艾滋病毒的主要特征放到比逆轉(zhuǎn)錄酶病毒良性的病毒中。最理想的對象包括當年成功撲滅天花的疫苗病毒。
(9)也有少數(shù)幾位研究人員,主張不能斷然否定掉危險性較高的逆轉(zhuǎn)錄酶病毒疫苗。戴斯羅士就認為,某些發(fā)展中國家的情況十分危急(有性行為的成年人感染HIV的比例可以達到40% ),值得冒險一試逆轉(zhuǎn)錄酶病毒疫苗。他主張可以把HIV病毒中的幾種基因與“否因”一并移除,就能增加活疫苗的安全性。戴斯羅士發(fā)現(xiàn),可以用化學方式刪除HIV9種已知基因中的4種,破壞掉HIV的力量,制造出來的病毒仍然會復制——至少在黑猩猩身上可以。
(10)目前對于安全性的關注高過一切,要想培養(yǎng)活的逆轉(zhuǎn)錄酶病毒疫苗,不大可能得到太多人支持?墒乔闆r也可能改變。對艾滋病長期生存者的研究(也就是那一小群感染到艾滋病毒卻一直沒有發(fā)病的幸運者),可以讓我們更深入了解病毒的弱點與人類尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)的力量。舊金山格萊斯頓病毒與免疫研究所所長格林博士表示:“這幾個人是大自然的實驗,手中握有一大奧秘,還有待破謎!贝_實,這8名引起軒然大波的澳大利亞人,很有可能被醫(yī)學文獻列為地球上最早成功地(盡管是意外地)接受艾滋病毒免疫注射的人——雖然到目前為止艾滋病毒好像還是所向無敵。
Welfare: A white Secret
(1) Come on, my fellow white folks, we have something to confess. No, nothing to do with age spots or those indoor-tanning? creams we use to get us through the winter without looking like the final stages of TB. Nor am I talking about the fact that we all go home and practice scaring dance moves behind drawn shades. Out with it, friends, the biggest secret known to whites since the invention of powdered rouge?: welfare is a white program. Yep. At least it’s no more black than Vanilla Ice is a fair rendition of classic urban rap.
(2) The numbers go like this: 61% of the population receiving welfare, listed as “means-tested cash assis-tance” by the Census Bureau, is identified as white, while only 33% is identified as black. These numbers not-withstanding, the Republican version of “political correctness” has given us “welfare cheat” as a new term for African American since the early days of Ronald
Reagan. Yet if the Lakers were 61% white and on a winning streek?, would we be calling them a “black team”?
(3) Wait a minute, I can hear my neighbors say, we’re not as slow at math as the Asian
Americans like to think. There’s still a glaring disproporti(轉(zhuǎn) 載 于:www.huhawan.com 蒲 公英文 摘:同性美文)on there. African Americans are only 12% of the population as a whole, at least according to the census count, yet they’re 33% of the welfare population — surely evidence of a shocking ad-diction to the dole?.
(4) But we’re forgetting something. Welfare is a program for poor people, very poor people. African Ameri-cans are three times as likely as whites to fall below the poverty level and hence to have a chance of qualifying for welfare benefits. If we look at the kind of persons most likely to be eligible — single mothers living in poverty with children under 18 to support — we find little difference in welfare participation by race: 74.6% of African Americans in such dire straits are on welfare, compared with 64.5% of the poor white single moms.
(5) That’s still a difference, but not enough to imply some congenital? appetite for a free lunch on the part of the African-derived. In fact, two explanations readily suggest themselves: First, just as blacks are ______ likely to be poor, they are disproportionately likely to find themselves among the poorest of the poor, where welfare eligibility arises. Second, the black poor are more likely than their white counterparts to live in cities, and hence to have a chance of making their way to the welfare office.
(6) So why are they so poor? I can see my neighbor asking as visions of slack idlers dance before his nar-rowed eyes. Ah, that is a question white folks would do well to ponder. Consider, for a start, that African Americans are more likely to be disabled (illness being a famous consequence of poverty) or unemployed (in the sense of actively seeking work) and far less likely to earn wages that would lift them out of the wel-fare-eligibility range.
(7) As for the high proportion of black families headed by single women (44%, compared with 13% for whites): many deep sociohistoric reasons could be referred to, but none of them is welfare.
A number of re-spected studies refute the Reagan-era myth that a few hundred a month in welfare payments is a sufficient in-centive to desert one’s husband or get pregnant while in high school. If it were, states with relatively high wel-fare payments — say, about $500 a month per family — would have higher rates of out-of-wedlock births than states like Louisiana and Mississippi, which expect a welfare family to get by on $200 a month or less. But this is not the case.
(8) So our confession stands: white folks have been swallowing up the welfare budget while blaming someone else. But it’s worse than that. If we look at Social Security, which is another form of welfare, although it is often mistaken for an individual insurance program, then whites are the ones who are crowding the trough. We re-ceive almost twice as much per capita, for an overall advantage to our race of $10 billion a year — much more than the $ 3.9 billion advantage African American gain from their disproportionate share of welfare. One sad reason: whites live an average of six years longer than African Americans, meaning that young black workers help subsidize a huge and growing “over-class” of white retirees. I do not see our confession bringing much re-lief. There’s a reason for resentment, though it has more to do with class than with race.
同性美文篇三:英美女教師搞同性戀 對學生下狠手
英美女教師搞同性戀 對學生下狠手
'Loner' teacher, 29, jailed for having lesbian affair with 15-year-old pupil she contacted via internet chatroom
29歲的“孤僻”英國教師因在網(wǎng)絡聊天室開始與15歲學生發(fā)生同性戀關系而入獄。
An English teacher in her first job had a 14-month lesbian affair with a pupil half her age, a court heard yesterday。
一位英語老師在她的第一份工作中就與一個只有她一半年齡的學生發(fā)生十四個月的同性戀關系,昨天一個法庭審理了此案。
Louise Yeoman, 29, was ‘craving affection’ and seduced the ‘pretty and popular’ 15-year-old。
29歲路易絲。約曼為“渴求感情”而誘惑“漂亮而且受歡迎”的15歲女孩。But the illicit relationship was discovered when suspicious
colleagues found incriminating text messages on Yeoman’s mobile phone during a school trip, and she was jailed yesterday for 20 months。但是非法關系被她的同事發(fā)現(xiàn),在一次學校出游中他們從約曼的手機里發(fā)現(xiàn)了犯法的短信。她昨天被判入獄20個月。
Yeoman, who taught the pupil, had sex with her in her flat after they began chatting online and exchanging text messages, Leeds Crown Court heard。
利茲刑事法庭聽取了陳述。約曼和這個學生是師生關系,她們從網(wǎng)上聊天發(fā)展到互發(fā)手機短信并發(fā)生性關系 。
Sentencing, Recorder Adrian Waterman QC said: ‘You were the teacher, she was the pupil。
法官阿德里。安沃特曼在判決中說:'你是老師,她是學生。
'You were the one in whom trust had been placed to ensure that you would respect the vital boundaries that must exist between adults and children and between teachers and pupils。
“你被給予能夠保證尊重成人和兒童、教師和學生之間必須存在的重要界限的信任!
‘You are the one who bore the responsibility for preserving those boundaries。
“你負有保持界限的責任!
'You were the one who failed to do so and who abused the trust placed in you. Whatever your feelings, this was not about love and a normal relationship。
“你沒有這樣做,并辜負了對你的信任。無論你如何感受,這和愛情無關且是非正常關系!
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