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臨終感悟翻譯

發(fā)布時間:2017-01-27 來源: 人生感悟 點(diǎn)擊:

臨終感悟翻譯篇一:學(xué)習(xí)英語翻譯的感悟

學(xué)習(xí)英語翻譯的感悟

跨入新世紀(jì),我們的生活發(fā)生了日新月異的變化。在國內(nèi),任何一家商場或者藥店,你都能看到用英語標(biāo)注說明的外國商品或者藥品,同時,中國的很多商品也附有英語說明、產(chǎn)品介紹等。因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)的全球化,使得科技一體化,文化多元化,世界各國間的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化水平交流不斷加強(qiáng),而英語的作為世界通用語言,作為溝通的媒介,英語的翻譯工作也變得日趨重要。尤其是像我們這些學(xué)習(xí)英語的學(xué)生,學(xué)好英語翻譯可能對我們以后的職業(yè)生涯起作重要的作用。但是,想要學(xué)好英語翻譯,卻不是一件容易的事。就拿我來說吧,上了一個學(xué)期的翻譯課,并未取得什么突破性的進(jìn)展,只是掌握了一些翻譯技巧和老師講的幾個翻譯要點(diǎn)。

翻譯是將一種語言承載的意義轉(zhuǎn)換到另一種語言文化中的跨語言,跨文化的交際活動,其本質(zhì)是釋義;是意義的轉(zhuǎn)化。用我自己的理解:它就是把另一種語言用自己的話說出來。我們知道對作為一名真正的翻譯工作者來說,他必需清楚翻譯活動所涉及的諸多因素:譯者、作者、原文、原文作者、譯文、譯文讀者等。記得在上第一節(jié)翻譯課的時候,老師就說過:學(xué)習(xí)英語翻譯必須掌握漢英翻譯的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),即信、達(dá)、雅。所謂“信”指標(biāo)準(zhǔn)地傳達(dá)原文的內(nèi)容,即信于作者和讀者,不允許對原作有任何歪曲或篡改,譯作不容許有任何遺漏和省略,譯者若有意閹割原作內(nèi)容,則無異于違背職業(yè)道德!斑_(dá)”指譯文使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)漢語,即譯文語言應(yīng)通俗明白,不應(yīng)模棱兩可,晦澀難懂,不濫用陳詞濫調(diào),繁文縟句,也不應(yīng)該有粗枝大葉的錯誤!把拧敝缸g文的美學(xué)價值,它體現(xiàn)在修辭,文體、韻律、詩意和心理等五個方面,雅的譯文應(yīng)該優(yōu)美,有喻義,能激起讀者心靈深處的同情和共鳴,給人藝術(shù)上的享受和精神上的滿足。但要想做到這三方面,不僅僅需要豐厚的文化底蘊(yùn),熟悉中國和英國的歷史、文化、生活方式,人們的世界觀,價值觀,而且必須具備深厚的文字功底。但對于我們這些初學(xué)翻譯的人,若我們能較好地掌握”信“和”達(dá)“,不僅有利于我們學(xué)習(xí)西方國家的文化,有利于英語交流,而且對我們即將要參加的全國英語專業(yè)八級考試或者英語專業(yè)碩士研究生考試將會起到巨大作用。

要想使別人懂得我們翻譯的東西,我們就必須學(xué)會靈活翻譯。如會轉(zhuǎn)換英語詞義,會適當(dāng)加詞或刪詞翻譯。例如:

China’s city, after decades of bolted doors and barred windows, are suddenly being opened to sweeping changes.

在這個句子中“bolted doors and barred”不能翻譯為“緊閉的門窗”,而是“閉關(guān)鎖國”的意思。其整句話的意思是:中國的城市,經(jīng)過幾十年閉關(guān)鎖國之后,突然開放,全面改革了。再如:

Looking at a pile of old photos, I couldn't help feeling rather regretful.我看著這一堆老照片時,心理掠過一絲絲歉意。這個句子在翻譯時,增加了主語“我”。

由于中國和英國的地理文化差異,我們必須注意成語、諺語和習(xí)語翻譯技巧。諺語和習(xí)語等它們的語言生動,意義精辟,蘊(yùn)藏著豐富的文化信息。例如: The fox borrows the tiger's terror.狐假虎威。

這個成語體現(xiàn)了中英在語言表達(dá)上存在相同之處。

Teach fish to swim。.班門弄斧。

The apple in the eye.掌上明珠。

而這兩個句子則成語體現(xiàn)了中英在語言表達(dá)上存在不同的地方。

此外,我們也應(yīng)該注意否定句的翻譯技巧,熟練掌握英語語法及表達(dá)習(xí)慣。我們知道,在漢語中,對否定概念通常帶有否定詞或詞語,如不、無、否、非、勿、決不、否則、沒有等,這與以英語為母語的國家的否定思維很相似,因?yàn)橛⒄Z中也有否定詞,如not,no等。例如:

So when you succeed in something ,don't complain against any possible attack you may encounter.因此,你取得成績時,不要報怨他人對你的攻擊。但是中英的否定思維也存在很大差別。例如:

I don't think he is qualified.

意思是:我認(rèn)為他不夠格。你就不能譯成“我不認(rèn)為他夠格!

Do that again if you dare.諒你不敢再這么干。

另外,我們還應(yīng)該注意新聞及新聞標(biāo)題的翻譯技巧。雖然新聞標(biāo)題在用詞字?jǐn)?shù)上很相似,要求簡明、突出重點(diǎn)、富有影響力。但在新聞標(biāo)題所要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容以及新聞報道上有著巨大差異。這有一則中國的新聞標(biāo)題:準(zhǔn)備金率今年首降。一讀完標(biāo)題你就能知道這則新聞大體上講的是什么內(nèi)容。而英語的新聞標(biāo)題則不然。例如:

Very Fancy, Very Fast.

這是1988年9月出版的《時代》周刊的一則新聞的標(biāo)題,只從這個新聞標(biāo)題你得不到任何的新聞內(nèi)容。其報道的是:1988年漢城奧運(yùn)會美國短跑明星100米200米短跑兩枚金牌獲得者Florence Griffith。

總之,不管將來我們是否要從事翻譯工作,但是對于學(xué)習(xí)英語這門語言的我們,在學(xué)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)翻譯的過程中,應(yīng)該進(jìn)行各種練習(xí),以鞏固我們所學(xué)習(xí)的知識,提高翻譯能力,以便為我們將來在擇業(yè)時多一個選擇的方向。

臨終感悟翻譯篇二:英語課后翻譯答案

Unit1

1. 任何年滿18歲的人都有資格投票。(be eligible to, vote)

Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote.

2. 每學(xué)期開學(xué)前,這些獎學(xué)金的申請表格就會由學(xué)校發(fā)給每一個學(xué)生。(apply for, scholarship)

A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the university to every student before the start of every semester.

3. 遵照醫(yī)生的建議,我決定戒煙。(on the advice of)

On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking.

4. 公園位于縣城的正中央。(be located in)

The park is located right in the center of town.

5. 這所大學(xué)提供了我們所需的所有材料和設(shè)備。(facilities)

The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire.

1. 他們花了多年的時間尋找內(nèi)心的平靜,但是收效甚微。(search for)

They spent many years searching for peace of mind, but with little success.

2. 這種新藥的成功研制已經(jīng)使許多疾病的治療發(fā)生了根本性的變革。(revolutionize)

The successful development of the new drug has revolutionized the treatment of many diseases.

3. 由于這個國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣,這家公司瀕于破產(chǎn)。(on the edge of)

The company is on the edge of bankruptcy due to the economic depression in the country.

4. 大學(xué)畢業(yè)后他成為了一名護(hù)士。他認(rèn)為護(hù)士這一職業(yè)可能很有發(fā)展前途。(rewarding) He became a nurse after college. He thought nursing could be a very rewarding career.

5. 他像往常一樣在文件上簽了名。(just as)

He signed his name on the paper just as he has always done it.

Unit2

1. 警察們正忙著填寫關(guān)于這場事故的各種表格。(fill out)

The policemen are busy fi lling out forms about the accident.

2. 我想在還車之前把油箱加滿。(fill up, fuel tank)

I want to fi ll up the fuel tank before returning the car.

3. 如果你要投訴,最好遵循正確的程序。(follow the procedure)

If you want to make a complaint, you’d better follow the correct procedure.

4. 要不是約翰幫忙,我們絕不會這么快就完成實(shí)驗(yàn)。(without)

We couldn’t have fi nished the experiment so soon without John’s help.

5. 暴風(fēng)雨之后,岸邊的人們焦急地搜索湖面以期發(fā)現(xiàn)小船的蹤跡。(scan for)

After the storm, the people on the shore anxiously scanned the lake for any sign of the boat.

1. 這個國家不大,但是在國際事務(wù)中它卻發(fā)揮著重要作用。(play a role)

This country is not big, but it plays an important role in international affairs.

2. 正是在我叔叔的幫助下,我得以克服困難,按時完成了任務(wù)。(it is ... that)

It was with the help of my uncle that I overcame the difficulty and completed the assignment in time.

3. 畢業(yè)時他決定留在北京,而他最好的朋友卻選擇了去西藏。(while)

While he decided to stay in Beijing upon graduation, his best friend chose to go to Tibet.

4. 在這次校園英語演講比賽中,我們班的瑪麗獲得了第三名。(come in)

In this Campus English Speaking Contest, Mary from our class came in third.

5. 你應(yīng)該知道學(xué)習(xí)彈鋼琴需要有時間,有金錢,還要有毅力。(as well as)

You should know that it takes time, money as well as perseverance to learn to play the piano.

Unit3

1. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)量入為出地過日子越來越難了。(increasingly)

I find it increasingly difficult to live within my income.

2. 現(xiàn)代政治家們都試圖以電視講話來影響普通百姓。(reach out)

Modern politicians try to reach out to ordinary people in their TV speeches.

3. 應(yīng)該幫助學(xué)生對人生采取積極的態(tài)度。(adopt)

Pupils should be helped to adopt a positive attitude to life.

4. 希望全班同學(xué)參加這些討論。(participate in)

Everyone in the class is expected to participate in these discussions.

5. 如果你犯了罪就必須受到懲罰。(crime)

If you commit a crime you must expect to be punished.

1.兒子的死讓老婦人變得麻木癡呆了。(numb)

The old woman was numbed by her son’s death.

2.身處所有這些煩惱之中,他依然能保持樂觀。(in the midst)

In the midst of all troubles, he managed to remain cheerful.

3. 雖有困難,他們還是設(shè)法堅(jiān)持試驗(yàn)下去。(carry on)

They managed to carry on their experiments in spite of the difficulties.

4.我們必須淘汰不合格的申請人。(weed out)

We have to weed out unqualified applicants.

5. 醫(yī)生要他減少抽煙。(cut down on)

The doctor told him to cut down on smoking.

Unit4

1. 她在公共汽車站一直等到末班車進(jìn)站。(come in)

She waited at the bus stop until the last bus came in.

2.如果我們能幫得上忙,盡管和我們聯(lián)系。(contact)

If there is any way we can be of assistance, please do not hesitate to contact us.

3 .他需要多少船務(wù)人員才能使他的游艇航行?(crew, yacht)

How many crew does he need to sail his yacht?

4 .雖然她的新書沒有上一本好,但是我還是喜歡它。(not quite as)

I enjoyed her new book though it’s not quite as good as her last one.

5 .我從未遇到過如此善良的人。(never before)

Never before have I met such a kind person.

1. 公共汽車放慢速度并停下,讓那位乘客上車。(slow down)

The bus slowed down and stopped to allow the passenger to get on board.

2.許多車子都駛過去了,可是沒有一輛愿意讓我們搭便車。(roll by)

Many vehicles rolled by, but no one offered us a ride.

3 .請勿踐踏草地。(get off)

Please get off the grass.

4.他按妻子的吩咐,一下班就去了市場。(make one’s way)

He made his way to the marketplace right after work, as his wife had asked him to do.

5 .值得慶幸的是,史蒂夫 (Steve) 從自行車上摔下來時沒有摔斷骨頭。(luckily)

Luckily, Steve didn’t break any bones when he fell off his bike.

Unit5

1. 我們得把感情放在一邊,從專業(yè)的角度來對待這件事。(from a professional standpoint) We have to put aside our emotions and take it from a professional standpoint.

2. 這部戲非常精彩,我很快就沉浸于激動人心的劇情之中。(lose oneself in)

The play was so wonderful that I soon lost myself in the excitement of it.

3 .她沒有什么愛好——除非你把看電視也算是一種愛好。(unless)

She hasn’t got any hobbies — unless you call watching TV a hobby.

4. 他說他是直接從市長本人那里得到這個信息的。(first-hand)

He said that he had got the information first-hand from the Mayor himself.

5 .既然你不能回答這個問題,我們最好問問別人。(since)

Since you can’t answer the question, perhaps we’d better ask someone else.

1. 由于公共汽車司機(jī)突然剎車,旅客們都不由自主地向前摔倒。(brake, pitch forward) All the passengers pitched forward because the bus driver braked sharply.

2. 這個協(xié)議將沖破對自由貿(mào)易設(shè)置的障礙。(break through, obstacle)

This agreement will break through the obstacles to free t(轉(zhuǎn) 載于:www.huhawan.com 蒲公 英文摘:臨終感悟翻譯)rade.

3 .我剛放下叫出租車的電話,車就來了。(soon after)

The taxi arrived soon after I rang for it.

4. 在過去,不管我什么時候到家,我父母總會等我。(no matter)

My parents always waited up for me no matter what time I got home.

5 .由于沒有一方愿意讓步,兩個公司之間的對話完全破裂了。(break down)

Talks between the two companies completely broke down, because neither of them wanted to give in.

Unit6

1. 那件工作很難做,不過我想試試看。(have a shot)

It’s a difficult job, but I’d like to have a shot.

2. 這是一本關(guān)于商務(wù)實(shí)踐而非理論的書。(as opposed to)

This is a book about business practice as opposed to theory.

3. 社會活動從未耽誤她的學(xué)習(xí)。(in the way)

Social activities never get in the way of her studies.

4. 直到1911年人們才發(fā)現(xiàn)第一種維生素。(It is not until ... that)

It was not until 1911 that the first of the vitamins was identified.

5. 盡管年事已高,爺爺每天還幫忙做家務(wù)。(despite)

Despite advanced years, Grandpa helps do housework every day.

1.我們的婚姻很幸福,但我們也曾經(jīng)歷過許多坎坷。(ups and downs)

Our marriage is happy but we’ve had many ups and downs.

2. 許多外語教師常常在課堂上自顧自地講得太多。(be inclined to)

Many teachers of foreign languages are inclined to talk too much themselves in class.

3. 那位著名演員每天早晨鍛煉一小時以保持健康。(work out)

The famous actor keeps fit by working out for an hour every morning.

4. 與他促膝長談之后,她的懷疑消失了。(melt away)

After a long heart-to-heart talk with him, her suspicion melted away.

5. 目前我們沒有職位空缺,但我們肯定會記住您的申請。(keep in mind)

We have no vacancies now, but we’ll certainly keep your application in mind.

Unit7

1. 他并不后悔說過的話,只是覺得他完全可以不用這種方式表達(dá)。(could have done) He did not regret what he had said but felt that he could have expressed it differently.

2. 我們最好等到12月14日。那時大衛(wèi)已考完試,就能和我們一起去度假了。(will have done) We’d better wait till 14 December. David will have had his exam by then, so he’ll be able to go on holiday with us.

3. 他正在做一個新項(xiàng)目,年底前必須完成。(work on)

He’s working on a new project which has to be finished by the end of the year.

4. 他們讓我們使用他們的實(shí)驗(yàn)室,作為回報,我們則讓他們分享研究成果。(in return)

They are letting us use their lab, and in return, we are sharing with them the results of our research.

5. 諸如打電話、聽電話一類的事情占用了這位秘書的大部分時間。(take up)

Such things as making and answering telephone calls take up most of the secretary’s time.

1. 他們把房子賣了后就到加拿大和女兒住在一起。(go off)

They sold their house and went off to live in Canada with their daughter.

2. ——你下星期這個時候會在干什么?

——還是像平常一樣干活。(will be doing)

What will you be doing this time next week?I’ll be working as usual.

3. 他既聰明又勤奮,不久就接管了雜志的編輯工作。(editing; before long)

He was intelligent and hard-working and before long he took over the editing of the magazine.

4. 你話還沒說完別人就掛斷電話,難道你不惱火嗎?(hang up)

Don’t you hate it when someone hangs up on you before you finish speaking?

5. 讓他們感到驚恐的是,他們的房頂著火了。(to one’s horror)

To their horror, the roof of their house caught fire.

Unit8

1. 為了追求更為健康的飲食,人們現(xiàn)在吃的魚比過去更多。(in pursuit of)

In pursuit of a healthier diet, people are eating more flish than they used to.

2.我們需要在壞天氣到來之前叫人把屋頂修一修。(set in)

We need to have the roof repaired before the bad weather sets in.

3. 這種疾病正在蔓延,所有兒童都有被傳染的危險。(at risk)

The disease is spreading, and all young children are at risk.

4. 信息通過電話線從一臺電腦傳到另一臺電腦。(transmit)

The information is transmitted from one computer to another through a telephone line.

5. 杰克是個相當(dāng)好的賽跑運(yùn)動員。他在大多數(shù)情況下都能獲勝。(more often than not) Jack is a fairly good runner. He wins more often than not.

1. 正如數(shù)據(jù)顯示,我們在短時間內(nèi)已在這一領(lǐng)域取得了巨大的成就。(demonstrate)

As the statistics demonstrates we have made great progress in this field in a short period of time.

2. 偉大領(lǐng)袖的豐功偉績在歌曲和故事中傳誦。(exploits)

The exploits of great leaders have been told in songs and stories.

3. 路很遠(yuǎn),我們輪流開車吧。(take turn)

It is a long way. Let's take turn driving.

4. 事實(shí)證明,造成災(zāi)難的不是計(jì)算機(jī)故障,而是銀行家。(turn out)

It turns out that it is the banker rather than the computer fault that has caused the disaster.

5. 他們必須采取具體措施來實(shí)行技術(shù)更新,否則計(jì)劃就會落空。(end in)

They must take practical measures to carry out their plan; otherwise it will end in smoke.

臨終感悟翻譯篇三:翻譯練習(xí)6講解(1)

翻譯練習(xí)6點(diǎn)評(1):

本次翻譯練習(xí)的難度比較大,文章出自北京師范大學(xué)研究生英語閱讀與翻譯課程所用的授課材料,作者布洛諾夫斯基是英國著名的數(shù)學(xué)家和散文家,劍橋大學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)博士。這篇文章從科學(xué)發(fā)展史的角度出發(fā),論述的問題主要是科學(xué)并不排斥想象力和創(chuàng)造力。因此標(biāo)題翻譯成“科學(xué)理性的本質(zhì)”或“科學(xué)推理的本質(zhì)”是比較恰當(dāng)?shù)。要翻譯好這篇文章不僅應(yīng)在在宏觀的層面牢牢把握文章的主旨,也需要從微觀的角度考慮作者使用的語言在語法和修辭上的特點(diǎn),這樣才能在理解的基礎(chǔ)上恰當(dāng)?shù)谋磉_(dá)。當(dāng)然,這篇文章相對于大家目前的英語水平,在理解和表達(dá)兩個方面都具有不小的挑戰(zhàn)性。下面通過對這次翻譯比較好的趙新平同學(xué)作業(yè)的點(diǎn)評,來分段落說一說這篇文章究竟有哪些細(xì)節(jié)部分需要注意,以及相應(yīng)的翻譯策略。

由于時間的關(guān)系,我沒法將整片文章一次講評完畢,只能分成幾次講解,敬請大家諒解。時間有限,我自己的點(diǎn)評和翻譯也未免有不當(dāng)之處,如果對我的講評和翻譯有不同看法,請給我留言。

1 What is the insight in which the scientist tries to see into nature? Can it indeed be

called either imaginative or creative? To the literary man the question may seem merely silly. He has been taught that science is a large collection of facts; and if this is true, then the only seeing which scientists need to do is, he supposes, seeing the facts. He pictures them, the colorless professionals of science, going off to work in the morning into the universe in a neutral, unexposed state. They then expose themselves like a photographic plate. And then in the darkroom or laboratory they develop the image, so that suddenly and startlingly it appears, printed in capital letters, as a new formula for atomic energy.

原譯:

什么是洞察力?科學(xué)家一直試圖弄清它的本質(zhì)。它能被簡單的稱作是想象力或創(chuàng)造力嗎?對文學(xué)家來說,這個問題似乎顯得很可笑。他們一直接受的教育就是:“科學(xué)是大量的事實(shí)”。如果是這樣的話,那么在文學(xué)家看來,科學(xué)家們唯一要做的事就是觀察事實(shí)。他將科學(xué)家描繪成生活單調(diào)的科學(xué)專業(yè)人員。每天早晨,他們外出工作。就像照相機(jī)底片曝光一樣,他們以一種中立的未曝光的的心態(tài)將自己暴露在宇宙之中。在實(shí)驗(yàn)室的黑屋子里,沖洗照片,然后突然間照片出現(xiàn)了,緊接著他們將其用大寫字母打印出來,作為計(jì)算原子能的新公式。

點(diǎn)評:第一句話對了解整個文章的主題是比較關(guān)鍵的。這句話問得不是洞察力本身是什么,而是在問“科學(xué)家了解大自然所憑借的洞察力是什么樣的?”趙新平對nature這個詞的理解和其他同學(xué)一樣,都有偏差。這是個關(guān)鍵性的問題。第三句話literary man 翻譯成文學(xué)家是沒有問題,但是譯文沒有注意到下句話的主語是He而不是they。是單數(shù)的。所以下一句話的翻譯應(yīng)該是:對一個文學(xué)家來說,科學(xué)是大量事實(shí)的積累。如果這一點(diǎn)是正確的,那么科學(xué)家所需要的觀察,只是對事實(shí)的觀察。He pictures them, the colorless professionals of science, 這部分趙新平翻譯的尚可。但后面一部分的表達(dá)就有問題了。主要的問題出在斷句上面,原譯文把neutral翻譯成中立也有問題。這就導(dǎo)致后面的翻譯沒法充分表達(dá)文章的

原意了。Neutral一詞也有中性的、沒有什么特點(diǎn)的意思。后面那個printed不是動詞,而是分詞做伴隨主安狀語,其主語不是they。而darkroom和laboratory的關(guān)系是并列的,也不是從屬。這也是原譯文沒有注意到的細(xì)節(jié)。還有就是develop一詞的詞義,趙新平的把握還是不錯的,翻譯成沖洗是很恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?/p>

改譯:

科學(xué)家了解大自然所憑借的洞察力是什么樣的?這種洞察力是否具有想象性或創(chuàng)造性?對于一個文學(xué)家來說,這或許是個簡單的問題。因?yàn)槿缢鶎W(xué),科學(xué)不過是大量事實(shí)的積累,從這一點(diǎn)出發(fā),他會認(rèn)為科學(xué)家們需要做的只是對事實(shí)的觀察。他所想象的文學(xué)家,是一群無趣的科學(xué)工作者,一起床就去探索一個客觀而未知的世界。他認(rèn)為科學(xué)家們揭示真理的方式和沖洗照片類似:他們在實(shí)驗(yàn)室或暗房里把這些底片加以沖洗,然后底片上的影像就像一個新的原子能公式那樣突然地、讓人吃驚地以大寫字母打印出來。

2 Men who have read Balzac and Zola1 are not deceived by the claims of these

writers that they do no more than record the facts. The readers of Christopher Isherwood2 do not take him literally when he writes “I am a camera.” Yet the same readers solemnly carry with them from their school-days this foolish picture of the scientist fixing by some mechanical process the facts of nature. I have had of all people a historian tell me that science is a collection of facts, and his voice had not even the ironic rasp of one filing cabinet reproving another.

原譯:

讀過巴爾扎克和左拉的作品的人都不會相信這些作家僅僅是在記錄事實(shí)。當(dāng)伊舍伍德寫下:“我是一部照相機(jī)”的時候,它的讀者并沒有照字面逐字理解,把他當(dāng)成是照相機(jī)。然而相同的讀者卻從上學(xué)那天開始,就在腦海中印上了關(guān)于科學(xué)家的愚蠢的照片,一張僅僅寫滿機(jī)械的自然知識的照片。一個歷史學(xué)家告訴我,科學(xué)就是一系列的事實(shí),他們的聲音絲毫不像櫥柜相互推搡時發(fā)出的刺耳聲那樣,毫無諷刺的意味。

點(diǎn)評:

第二段前面一部分的理解和表達(dá)還可以。這段中picture一詞的意思不是照片,和上一段一樣,仍然是指某種印象。最后一句話的翻譯有點(diǎn)問題。其實(shí)這一句話最后的那個短語作者只是用了一種文學(xué)性的修辭方式,這個比喻英語文化背景的讀者能夠理解,但是簡單翻譯過來,中文讀者可能不知道是什么意思,所以只要把它換一種說法表達(dá)一下就可以了。

改譯:

讀過巴爾扎克和左拉的讀者都不會相信他們所說的“不過是記錄事實(shí)”的說法;克里斯托弗-伊舍伍德的讀者也不會僅僅從字面上理解他所說的“我不過是臺相機(jī)”這句話。然而相同的這些讀者卻從上學(xué)的時候起就對科學(xué)家持有一種頑固的1

2 Honoré de Balzac (1799—1850) and émile Zola (1840—1902) were 19th-century French novelists. Christopher Isherwood was an English novelist and playwright (1904—1986) whose writing was the basis for the musical Cabret.

錯誤看法,這種看法由于他們機(jī)械地看待自然界的事實(shí)而固化下來。有個歷史學(xué)家就曾經(jīng)言之鑿鑿地告訴我,科學(xué)就是各種事實(shí)的積累。

3 It seems impossible that this historian had ever studied the beginnings of a

scientific discovery. The Scientific Revolution can be held to begin in the year 1543 when there was brought to Copernicus, perhaps on his deathbed, the first printed copy of the book he had finished about a dozen years earlier. The thesis of this book is that the earth moves around the sun. When did Copernicus go out and record this fact with his camera? What appearance in nature prompted his outrageous guess? And in what odd sense is this guess to be called a neutral record of fact?

原譯:

歷史學(xué)家肯定沒有研究過科學(xué)發(fā)展的起源?茖W(xué)革命起始于1543年,大概是在哥白尼臨終前,他12年前寫的書第一次出版了,這本書的主題是“地球繞著太陽公轉(zhuǎn)”。哥白尼是什么時候外出用照相機(jī)記錄事實(shí)的呢?哪些自然現(xiàn)象激起了他的驚人的猜想呢?從那些怪異的角度能將這些猜想看作是客觀的記錄事實(shí)呢?

點(diǎn)評:

第一句話的問題在于沒有注意好細(xì)節(jié),原文中的this沒有翻譯出來。第二句話中a dozen years未必具體地指12年前,英文中a dozen of years更多會翻譯成“十幾年前”!芭R終前”這個翻譯很好,很恰當(dāng)。最后三句翻譯的反問與其沒有表達(dá)充分,最后一句話的表達(dá)稍有偏差。

改譯:

這位歷史學(xué)家似乎對科學(xué)發(fā)展的歷史一無所知?茖W(xué)革命的起始可以追溯到1543年,這一年臨終之際的哥白尼終于出版了他完成于十幾年之前的那本論述地球圍繞太陽運(yùn)行的著作。哥白尼在那個時代怎么可能出去用照相機(jī)記錄這一事實(shí)?又有什么自然現(xiàn)象支持他這一大膽的假設(shè)?如果這個假設(shè)被稱為對事實(shí)的客觀記錄,那該有多么奇怪。

4 Less than a hundred years after Copernicus, Kepler published (between 1609 and

1619) the three laws which describe the paths of the planets. The work of Newton and with it most of our mechanics spring from these laws.3 They have a solid, matter-of-fact sound. For example, Kepler says that if one squares the year of a planet, one gets a number which is proportional to the cube of its average distance from the sun. Does anyone think that such a law is found by taking enough readings and then squaring and cubing everything in sight? If he does, then, as a scientist, he is doomed to a wasted life; he has as little prospect of making a scientific discovery as an electronic brain has.

原譯:

在哥白尼之后大約100年,1609年到1619年,開普勒提出了行星運(yùn)動三大定律。3 Nicolaus Copernicus (1473—1543) was a Polish astronomer. Johannes Kepler (1571—1630) was a German astronomer. Isaac Newton (1642—1727) was an English physicist and mathematician.

從這些定律中牛頓得出了許多重要的力學(xué)定律。他們都有一種堅(jiān)定地、實(shí)事求是的聲音。例如,開普勒認(rèn)為行星與太陽之間平均距離的立方與行星運(yùn)行周期的平方的比值是一個定值。誰還認(rèn)為科學(xué)家是在大量閱讀后,對看到的一切數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行平方和立方后得出的規(guī)律呢?如果是這樣的話,科學(xué)家的一生就注定是荒廢的一生。他對于科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)的期待就像電腦對科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)的期待一樣,少得可憐。

點(diǎn)評:

第一句的翻譯上,less than處理的不夠準(zhǔn)確,是不到,而不是大約。Sound翻譯成聲音的話不夠妥當(dāng)。后面那句話翻譯的不夠準(zhǔn)確,把這句話翻譯好,需要我們對天體運(yùn)行理論有一定的了解,難度還是比較大的。最后一句話的翻譯偏差較大。

改譯:

哥白尼之后不到100年,開普勒在1609至1619年之間出版了行星運(yùn)動三大定律,牛頓著作中大部分的力學(xué)思想都來源于此。這三大定律理論堅(jiān)實(shí),牢不可破。例如,開普勒所提出的行星公轉(zhuǎn)周期的平方與其到太陽平均距離的立方成正比。有誰會認(rèn)為開普勒是通過大量閱讀然后把他所觀測到的一切數(shù)據(jù)加以平方和立方之后才得出這一定律的呢?如果他這么做,那么作為一個科學(xué)家,他注定要在運(yùn)算上面荒廢掉一生,因?yàn)樗豢赡芟耠娔X運(yùn)算那樣得出科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)。

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