摘    要：煙草是一種喜鉀的經濟作物，鉀含量對其品質形成具有重要作用，試驗設置硫酸鉀（T2）、碳酸鉀（T3）、黃腐酸鉀（T4）和腐殖酸鉀（T5） 4個鉀肥處理，以不施鉀肥（T1）為對照，對煙株圓頂期土壤微生物以及煙葉鉀含量和烤后煙葉化學成分進行測定，并對其綜合經濟性狀進行測算，探討不同鉀源在煙草上的施用效果。結果表明，與不施鉀（T1）相比，施用硫酸鉀（T2）可以顯著增加土壤微生物總數、細菌和放線菌數量，其它鉀源處理均在一定程度上降低了土壤微生物總數和細菌數量，施鉀處理的真菌數量均顯著降低;施鉀處理煙葉化學成分較協(xié)調，綜合經濟性狀均得以提升，其中以腐殖酸鉀（T5）處理綜合效果最好，本試驗條件下可獲得的煙葉產量和產值分別為3 645.00 kg·hm^-2，92 580.15 元·hm^-2，其次是碳酸鉀（T3），其產量和產值分別為3 626.48 kg·hm^-2和91 789.05 元·hm^-2。結合投入成本，推薦施用腐殖酸鉀（T5）作為煙草鉀肥，可以較好地改善煙葉的品質并提高經濟效益。
　　關鍵詞：烤煙;鉀源;微生物;產量;品質
　　中圖分類號：S572，S143.3，Q939.96          文獻標識碼：A         DOI 編碼：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2019.04.008
　　Effects of Different Potassium Sources on Soil Microbe and Flue-cured Tobacco Yield and Quality
　　YU Qiong， SI Xianzong， ZHANG Xiang， LI Liang， MAO Jiawei， SUO Yanyan
　　（Institute of Plant Nutrition， Resource and Environment， Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Zhengzhou， Henan 450002， China）
　　Abstract： Tobacco is an important commercial crop which likes potassium. Potassium content plays an important role in the formation of its quality. The experiment was conducted with four potassium fertilizers， which included potassium sulfate （T2）， potassium carbonate （T3）， potassium fulvic acid （T4） and potassium humate （T5）， and the treatment without potassium fertilizer （T1） was as control. The soil micro-organisms， tobacco leaf potassium and chemical components content in the dome-period were measured， and the comprehensive economic characters were analyzed， to discuss the application effect of different potassium sources on tobacco. The results showed that， compared with the control （T1）， the potassium sulfate treatment （T2） significantly increased the total number of soil microorganisms， and also the number of bacteria and actinomycetes， while the other potassium treatments（T3～T5） reduced the total number of soil microorganisms and also the bacteria number， all the 4 potassium treatments significantly decreased the soil fungi number. The tobacco leaf chemical composition in the potassium treatments was more harmonious， and the economic characters were higher than that in the control， in which the potassium humic acid treatment（T5） was the best， and the second one was the potassium carbonate treatment（T3）， the yield and the output value in the experiment conditions were 3 645.00 kg·hm^-2 and 92 580.15 yuan·hm^-2， 3 626.48 kg·hm^-2 and 91 789.05 yuan·hm^-2， respectively. Combined with the cost of input， the application of potassium humic acid （T5） was recommended as potassium fertilizer which could improve the quality and economic benefits of tobacco leaves.

相關熱詞搜索：烤煙 微生物 土壤 質量 影響