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新型白肋煙晾制干筋輔助加溫設(shè)施的設(shè)計(jì)

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-08-23 來(lái)源: 人生感悟 點(diǎn)擊:


  摘要:通過(guò)比較新型白肋煙晾制干筋輔助加溫設(shè)施(干煙房)與“89”式標(biāo)準(zhǔn)晾房中進(jìn)行白肋煙干筋處理對(duì)白肋煙產(chǎn)量、質(zhì)量及效益的影響,研究干煙房的干筋效果。結(jié)果表明,干煙房可有效控制干筋期的溫濕度,減少了因干筋期低溫高濕引起的煙葉霉?fàn)現(xiàn)象,與“89”式標(biāo)準(zhǔn)晾房處理相比,平均減少晾房占地面積15 m2,白肋煙干筋時(shí)間縮短20.1 d,白肋煙產(chǎn)量提高14.2%,產(chǎn)值增加469.25元/667 m2,收入增加516.84元/667 m2,平純收入增加263.26元/667 m2,煙葉均價(jià)增加1.26元/kg,上等煙比例增加3.96個(gè)百分點(diǎn),中等煙比例增加1.6個(gè)百分點(diǎn),中部煙葉評(píng)析得分增加2.5分,上部煙葉評(píng)析得分增加1分。干煙房干筋可以提高白肋煙的產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量,縮短晾制時(shí)間,大幅度減少晾棚占地面積,有利于白肋煙生產(chǎn)的規(guī);(jīng)營(yíng)及推進(jìn)白肋煙產(chǎn)區(qū)現(xiàn)代煙草農(nóng)業(yè)建設(shè)。
  關(guān)鍵詞:白肋煙;調(diào)制;干筋期;溫濕度調(diào)控
  中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):S572 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):0439-8114(2015)24-6389-05
  DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.24.077
  Abstract:To study the effects of stem-drying in tobacco-drying room, the influences of stem-drying treatment on the burley tobacco production, quality and efficiency between in new air-curing, stem-drying room with heating facility (tobacco-drying room) and in normal“89” drying room were compared. The results showed that: using tobacco-drying room could effectively control the temperature and humidity during stem-drying treatment, and reduced the mildew and rot of tobacco leaf caused by low temperature and high humidity. Compared with treatment in normal “89” drying room, it could averagely cut down the area of drying-room by 15 m2, shortened the stem-drying time by 20.1 days, increased the burley tobacco yield by 14.2%, the output value by 469.25 yuan per 667 m2, the income by 516.84 yuan per 667 m2, the average net income by 263.26 yuan per 667 m2, the average price by 1.26 yuan/kg, fine tobacco ratio by 3.96%, medium tobacco ratio by 1.6%, the smoking test results of central tobacco leaf by 2.5 points, the comment score of upper tobacco leaf by 1 point. Visibly, stem-drying treatment in tobacco-drying room could improve the yield and quality of burley tobacco, shorten air-curing time, significantly reduce the air-curing area, it was conducive to the scale production of burley tobacco and promote the construction of modern tobacco agriculture.
  Key words: burley tobacco; air-curing; stem-drying stage; temperature and humidity control
  白肋煙多采用半整株晾制,煙株體積大,占用空間多,而我國(guó)所建的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)晾房密封性差,晾房?jī)?nèi)的溫濕度可控性差。在我國(guó)白肋煙生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐中,由于高海拔煙區(qū)低溫高濕,晾制環(huán)節(jié)經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)棚爛現(xiàn)象[1],產(chǎn)生大量霉?fàn)煙,正常年份霉?fàn)煙一般超過(guò)15%,如遇到多雨年份,霉?fàn)煙所占比例會(huì)更大,給煙草公司和煙農(nóng)造成很大損失。由于目前高海拔地區(qū)已經(jīng)成為白肋煙的主產(chǎn)區(qū),每年因此發(fā)生的損失十分巨大。中國(guó)煙草白肋煙試驗(yàn)站主持研究了在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)晾房?jī)?nèi)修建輔助升溫設(shè)施[2],在一定程度上解決了上述問(wèn)題,但由于晾房密封性差,溫濕度可控性低,盡管減少了爛煙損失,提高了煙葉產(chǎn)量,但是消耗燃料多,晾制成本增加較大,不利于大面積推廣,同時(shí)白肋煙的規(guī)模化生產(chǎn)也有一定的難度。
  本試驗(yàn)通過(guò)研究白肋煙調(diào)制干筋期調(diào)制溫濕度控制設(shè)施,增加白肋煙增溫排濕性能,避免了白肋煙干筋期棚爛損失,提高了白肋煙質(zhì)量,縮短了干筋期時(shí)間及減少了晾房占地面積和勞務(wù)用工,有利于提高白肋煙生產(chǎn)的規(guī)模化經(jīng)營(yíng)程度及推進(jìn)白肋煙產(chǎn)區(qū)現(xiàn)代煙草農(nóng)業(yè)建設(shè)。
  1 材料與方法
  1.1 試驗(yàn)地點(diǎn)與材料
  供試地點(diǎn)為長(zhǎng)陽(yáng)土家族自治縣賀家坪鎮(zhèn)堡鎮(zhèn)村二組,海拔1 300 m。品種為鄂煙3號(hào),晾房為在煙葉變黃期和變褐期使用“89”式標(biāo)準(zhǔn)晾房,干筋期使用本試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)的晾煙輔助加溫設(shè)施(以下簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)干煙房)。

相關(guān)熱詞搜索:加溫 輔助 設(shè)施 設(shè)計(jì) 白肋煙晾制干筋

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