摘 要：美國“綜合學校體力活動計劃”（CSPAP）基于青少年兒童的體力活動遠低于推薦標準，超重肥胖成為公共健康問題的背景下提出，是在青少年體力活動促進領域具有較大潛力的一項計劃。CSPAP的主要目標是通過高質量的體育課、上學前中后體力活動、教職員工和家庭社區(qū)的參與，創(chuàng)設學校體力活動的文化氛圍和機會，激發(fā)和促進青少年兒童追求終身體力活動的生活方式；CSPAP的特征在于內容架構基于大量的調查數(shù)據(jù)與實證研究；實施高質量的身體教育，提供體力活動的機會；對體育教師進行系統(tǒng)、專業(yè)的培訓；實施計劃中強調合作，具有完善的評估和監(jiān)督體系。CSPAP對我國開展陽光體育運動的啟示：加強科學研究，從社會生態(tài)學視角制定與之配套的體力活動計劃；重視體育教育的基礎和中心作用，加大對體育教師的培訓力度；創(chuàng)設體力活動的文化與環(huán)境，提供體力活動的機會；制定相關的支持政策，建立評價和監(jiān)督機制。
　　關 鍵 詞：學校體育；綜合學校體力活動計劃；陽光體育運動；美國
　　中圖分類號：G807 文獻標志碼：A 文章編號：1006-7116（2018）02-0098-07
　　An interpretation of and inspirations from the Comprehensive
　　School Physical Activity Program of the United States
　　CHEN Hua-wei1，DOU Li2，JIANG Ye1
　　（1.Department of Physical Education，Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，Nanjing 210016，China；
　　2.Department of Physical Education，Nanjing Forestry University，Nanjing 210016，China）
　　Abstract： The Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program （CSPAP） of the United States was put forward under t such a background as that the physical activities of teenagers and children were far lower than recommended standards and obesity had become a public health problem； it is a program with great potentials in the teenager physical activity promotion area. The CSPAP’s main objectives are to create school physical activity cultural atmospheres and opportunities， and to inspire and promote teenagers and children to pursue such a lifestyle as lifetime physical activity， by means of high quality physical education classes， physical activities before， during and after school， and the participation of staff members， families and communities； The CSPAP’s characteristics are as follows： its content framework is based on a lot of investigation data and empirical study； it implements high quality physical education， and provides opportunities for physical activities； it carries out systematic and specialized training on physical education teachers； it emphasizes cooperation in implementation plans， having a complete evaluation and supervision system. The CSPAP’s inspirations to developing Sunshine Sports in China are as follows： strengthen scientific research， establish a physical activity program that matches up with it from the perspective of social ecology； value the bases and central roles of physical education， reinforce physical education teacher training； create physical activity culture and environments， provide opportunities for physical activities； establish related supporting policies， build evaluation and supervision mechanisms.

相關熱詞搜索：美國 體力 啟示 解讀 計劃