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施氮量對(duì)煙葉香氣物質(zhì)含量的影響及品種間差異研究

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-08-25 來(lái)源: 幽默笑話 點(diǎn)擊:

http://img1.qikan.com.cn/qkimages/xdny/xdny201518/xdny20151806-1-l.jpghttp://img1.qikan.com.cn/qkimages/xdny/xdny201518/xdny20151806-2-l.jpg
  摘要 為了弄清烤煙碳氮代謝的品種間差異,以不同施氮量為處理,研究了碳氮代謝關(guān)鍵化合物,分析相關(guān)酶的動(dòng)態(tài)變化及其與香氣物質(zhì)形成的關(guān)系。結(jié)果表明:中煙100和K326在中氮條件下香氣物質(zhì)總量最高,NC89在低氮條件下最高;品種間香氣物質(zhì)總量中煙100最高。碳氮代謝的協(xié)調(diào)與香氣物質(zhì)總量、各類組分與品種、施氮量的互作有關(guān),其中品種因素起主導(dǎo)作用,煙株前期氮代謝旺盛,后期轉(zhuǎn)向碳代謝的規(guī)律有利于香氣物質(zhì)的形成。
  關(guān)鍵詞 施氮量;香氣物質(zhì);品種;碳氮代謝
  中圖分類號(hào) TS41+1 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A 文章編號(hào) 1007-5739(2015)18-0019-03
  Study on Nitrogen Fertilizer Dosage on the Content of Aroma Substances in Tobacco and the Differences of Varieties
  WU Zu-ju
 。⊿hiyan Danjiangkou Tobacco Companies Marketing Department,Danjiangkou Hubei 442700)
  Abstract In order to understand the difference of carbon and nitrogen metabolism of flue-cured tobacco varieties taking nitrogen application amount as treatment the dynamic change of carbon and nitrogen metabolism key compounds and related enzymes was studied,the relationship between them and aroma matter formation was analyzed.The results showed that total amount of aroma substances of CC100 and K326 were the highest under the middlnitrogen condition,NC89 had the highest gotal amount under low nitrogen condition.Total amount of aroma substances of CC100 was the highest among tobacco varieties.There was the relation between carbon and nitrogen metabolism of coordination,total amount of aroma substances and all and variety and nitrogen application amount of interaction,the varieties played a leading role,nitrogen metabolism in early stage of tobacco plant and later turned to the law of carbon metabolism was conducive to the formation of aroma substances.
  Key words nitrogen fertilizer dosage;aroma substance;variety;carbon and nitrogen metabolism
  烤煙碳、氮代謝受遺傳基因、環(huán)境條件和栽培技術(shù)的影響,是一種多基因調(diào)控與環(huán)境因素交互作用的結(jié)果[1]。不同品種由于基因型和遺傳基礎(chǔ)不同,煙葉碳氮代謝存在很大差異,因此導(dǎo)致化學(xué)成分和香氣物質(zhì)含量也不相同。該文通過(guò)不同施氮量處理,研究了不同葉齡時(shí)期不同品種煙葉在生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育過(guò)程中,碳、氮化合物和相關(guān)酶的變化及對(duì)煙葉品質(zhì)的影響,以及品種間碳氮代謝對(duì)煙葉各類香氣物質(zhì)形成的相關(guān)性差異,為科學(xué)施肥、成熟采收以及不同品種制定更加合理的栽培措施提供指導(dǎo),為優(yōu)質(zhì)、特色煙葉生產(chǎn)提供理論依據(jù)。
  1 材料與方法
  1.1 試驗(yàn)地概況
  試驗(yàn)于2012年在十堰進(jìn)行。試驗(yàn)地土壤肥力均勻,地面平整,供試土壤為黃棕壤土,基礎(chǔ)土壤肥力為全氮1.21 g/kg,堿解氮69.59 mg/kg,有效磷7.57 mg/kg,速效鉀102.43 mg/kg,緩效鉀711.58 mg/kg,有機(jī)質(zhì)18.63 g/kg,pH值7.92。
  1.2 試驗(yàn)材料
  供試烤煙品種中煙100、K326和NC89。
  1.3 試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)
  根據(jù)施純N量,設(shè)3個(gè)處理,分別為30.00、45.00、60.00 kg/hm2,3次重復(fù),采用隨機(jī)區(qū)組設(shè)計(jì),共27個(gè)小區(qū),每小區(qū)植煙60株,株行距為55 cm×110 cm。所有處理均施P2O5 60.00 kg/hm2,K2O 90.00 kg/hm2,并添加分析純NH4NO3滿足5個(gè)氮素處理,氮肥和鉀肥的70%于移栽前施入,30%于移栽后25 d追施,磷肥在移栽前全部施入,按照大田優(yōu)質(zhì)煙葉生產(chǎn)管理方法進(jìn)行管理。
  每個(gè)品種各選取整齊一致的單株,以第11片葉(從下向上數(shù))為研究對(duì)象,分別在葉齡15、30、45、60、75 d(以幼葉長(zhǎng)1 cm、寬0.5 cm時(shí)作為葉齡第1天)取樣殺青。成熟后進(jìn)行烘烤取烤后原煙。
  1.4 測(cè)定項(xiàng)目與方法
  1.4.1 鮮樣活性測(cè)定。轉(zhuǎn)化酶和淀粉酶活性的測(cè)定用3,5-二硝基水楊酸(DNS)比色法[2]。硝酸還原酶活性測(cè)定用活體法[2]。按照O’Neal等的方法[3]測(cè)定粗酶提取液谷氨酰胺合成酶活性。谷氨酰胺合成酶活性計(jì)算以每分鐘每毫克粗心蛋白催化產(chǎn)生的γ-谷氨酰異羥肟酸μmol數(shù)表示。

相關(guān)熱詞搜索:煙葉 香氣 含量 差異 物質(zhì)

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