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黃柏類藥材顏色數(shù)量分類探討

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-08-29 來(lái)源: 幽默笑話 點(diǎn)擊:

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  [摘要]通過(guò)收集市場(chǎng)上黃柏類藥材的商品28批樣品,利用分光測(cè)色儀測(cè)量其外表面、內(nèi)表面、斷面的顏色Lab色彩空間值,采用Ward聯(lián)接法和平方Euclidean距離對(duì)28組數(shù)值進(jìn)行聚類分析。同時(shí)邀請(qǐng)“國(guó)醫(yī)大師”金世元教授依據(jù)傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)28批黃柏樣品進(jìn)行鑒定、質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)和分級(jí)。將傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與分光測(cè)色儀測(cè)量分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較。結(jié)果顯示,黃柏類藥材可以通過(guò)顏色數(shù)值聚類成關(guān)黃柏和川黃柏,并按照質(zhì)量進(jìn)行分類,且與傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)鑒別結(jié)果具有高度一致性。
  [關(guān)鍵詞]黃柏類藥材;顏色;傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)鑒別;Lab色彩空間;聚類分析
  [Abstract]Through the investigation of Phellodendron Cortex on the market, and 28 batches of samples were collected. By using spectrophotometer the color values of outer surface, inner surface and cross-section of these samples were measured. These measured color data was translated into 3D structure diagram by using the Lab color space tool. The level difference value, the mean value and the threshold value were calculated based the measured color data of these different batches of samples. All 28 groups measured data was analyzed using the methods of Ward linkage and average Euclidean distance. At the same time, we invited Professor Jin Shiyuan, the ″Chinese medicine master″, to identify, qualityevaluate and grade these 28 batches of Phellodendron Cortex samples base on the traditional experience, then compared the traditional empirical results with the spectrophotometer measurement results. The result showed that, the Phellodendron Cortex could be divided into Phellodendri Amurensis Cortex and Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex by color numerical clustering, and classified according to quality. The classification result has a high degree of consistency with the traditional experience.
  [Key words]Phellodendron Cortex; color; traditional identification; Lab color space; cluster analysis
  黃柏是一種大宗常用中藥材,來(lái)源于蕓香科植物黃皮樹Phellodendron chinense Schneid 或黃檗P amurense Rupr 的干燥樹皮,前者習(xí)稱“川黃柏”,后者習(xí)稱“關(guān)黃柏”。 《本草經(jīng)集注》云:“今出邵陵者,輕薄色深為勝,出東山者,厚而色淺”。《蜀本草圖經(jīng)》云:“黃檗樹……皮黃……今所在有,本出房,商,合等小川山谷,皮緊,厚二三分,鮮黃者上,二月、五月采皮,日干! 宋代《本草圖經(jīng)》說(shuō):“今處處有之,以蜀中者佳。”[1]以上諸家所說(shuō),與今用之川黃柏相符,且川黃柏質(zhì)量以“色深、鮮黃”為上。
  顏色是傳統(tǒng)鑒別和評(píng)價(jià)中藥材及飲片的最為常用的指標(biāo)。藥材或飲片的質(zhì)量?jī)?yōu)劣、變質(zhì)與否及炮制變化指標(biāo)均體現(xiàn)在藥材的顏色變化。經(jīng)調(diào)查,亳州市場(chǎng)黃柏的商品規(guī)格已發(fā)生變化,對(duì)其進(jìn)行重新整理并開展優(yōu)劣鑒別方法研究,對(duì)有計(jì)劃、有組織地利用資源,盡快提升藥材質(zhì)量,滿足用藥需求是十分必要的。本文擬對(duì)市售黃柏類藥材,利用分光測(cè)色儀對(duì)黃柏外表面、內(nèi)表面和斷面的Lab色彩空間數(shù)值測(cè)量,并結(jié)合傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)鑒別,對(duì)黃柏進(jìn)行品種、等級(jí)等外觀質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)。
  1材料與方法
  1.1藥材黃柏類藥材28份,購(gòu)買于安徽亳州藥材市場(chǎng),均已切成絲狀,其中關(guān)黃柏10份,川黃柏18份(4份去栓皮,14份未去栓皮),經(jīng)“國(guó)醫(yī)大師”金世元教授依照傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行鑒定和優(yōu)劣評(píng)價(jià),見表1。
  1.2儀器采用日本柯尼卡美能達(dá)公司的分光測(cè)色儀(型號(hào)CM700d),參數(shù)根據(jù)《中國(guó)藥典》液體顏色檢查法第三法 “色差計(jì)法”設(shè)為:CIE 1976,光源設(shè)定為D65,光源視角為10°,鏡面光為SCI,UV為100%,量測(cè)方式為反射,孔徑為3 mm目標(biāo)罩(含穩(wěn)定片,型號(hào)CMA179),孔徑3 mm目標(biāo)罩(不含穩(wěn)定片,型號(hào)CMA181)。測(cè)得數(shù)據(jù)用Lab色彩空間表示,Lab色彩空間是由1個(gè)明度因數(shù)L和2個(gè)色度因數(shù)a,b組成的,L從0到100,a從紅色變化到綠色,b從黃色變化到藍(lán)色,它們的值在-120~120 [2] 。
  1.3顏色數(shù)值測(cè)量每份樣品隨機(jī)取9個(gè)黃柏絲個(gè)體,分別測(cè)量每個(gè)個(gè)體外表面、內(nèi)表面和斷面的顏色數(shù)值,每個(gè)表面隨機(jī)選取1塊區(qū)域置于分光測(cè)色儀下進(jìn)行測(cè)量。

相關(guān)熱詞搜索:黃柏 探討 數(shù)量 顏色 類藥

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