ΡƶȽ(jng)WɵēPՓcЇm
l(f)rg:2020-06-19 Դ: ĬЦԒ c
[ժҪ]ƶȵĽcl(f)չԽ(jng)`İl(f)չA(jng)İl(f)չҪ(wn)m(x)鱣ƶȽ(jng)WֻƶȱȥƶqֳLìüXy_yײµЇ(jng)WɣʽбҪѭR˼˼·Mо߀ƶȵĸԴA|(zh)a(chn)Pϵ߀ƶȞźͰl(f)չa(chn)ƄȫMյ܄á
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һƶȽ(jng)WɵՓݻ|(zh)cP
120oa(chn)ƶȌW19ovʷWɵ׃Nоƶ(jng)l(f)չеÞ˰YxеĸNìܵ@F(xin)ƶȌWɏ{(dio)Yxƶȱȱݺ;˷˹ǡx(jng)ѵߡHƶȌWɲǂЇy(tng)һ^cĽ(jng)WɄe϶{(dio)ЈƶȻY(ji)(gu)(j)ŪYxMڅw(ni)ݼȰPϵְƶRΑB(ti)һ(jng)׃ԭH˽(jng)AcόӽgqCPϵ(jng)׃ԭ^
֮˹˹I(y)Y(ji)(gu)ՙ˵Ľ(jng)λMз{(dio)ƶȼʽI(y)Йͽ(jng)Iʽ׃áJЙcx(jng)ˆTԽԽę@Nڅݼڽ(jng)l(f)չҲʹ(jng)ˆT{֮߀ļgMur˜ʵ׃ǶȷI(y)ԺMڅJa(chn)׃ƶȷ׃
Йcx(jng)ˆT骚AӻFʹ߲^ȥǘӑ{Լؔa(chn)ȡÑTǼgM׃ﲻɱĽY(ji)@ЩM׃^ur˜Ҳl(f)׃мgLȻܵ
2(jng)WԮa(chn)ɗl˼S܉E[һՓ(jng)WWɣƶȽ(jng)WWƶȌWfƶȌWɻAϮa(chn)^ƶȽY(ji)(gu)оA\Úvʷ̽ӑa(chn)ƶȵ׃wӠ˼ƶȌWҪĴ߀İ_{AµȣƶȷY(ji)(gu)f(jng)F(xin)l(f)չڅYxƶȵĬF(xin)cìMп^¶ҪĽY(ji)(gu)ĸO
ƶȌWmȻ19201930ʢĄP˹͘I(y)Ϣ؛ͨՓ浽1960s1960Yxҽ(jng)l(f)չʬF(xin)cƌWgMa(chn)U^ʣìܼJʹƶȸĸƶȌWֻS
(jng)ƶȵ׃w^ƶȌWɵҪоͬǣfƶȌWɰƶȚwY(ji)^AϮa(chn)˼TĿvMƶȲHоӺTһMƶȽY(ji)(gu)Ĺ
3fƶȽ(jng)WƌWg(jng)׃üg^c׃t(y)YxĸļgQՓl(f)J鼼gMʹYxl(f)˱|(zh)׃ѽ(jng)ɞI(y)ǷI(y)wIA׃?yu)ƌWоˆT֪Rɞĺģ(j)Փ֞ǰI(y)I(y)ͺI(y)
4ƶȌWRƌWg(jng)l(f)չҪԘOĴgQՓӏYͶY{(dio)l(f)չƌWоͽI(y)@ǷdzЃrֵJRba(chn)a(chn)Pϵ׃ĻAƌWga(chn)ĄƶȌWɵƶMYxƶȲ׃ǰоQYxl(f)չ^еì@
ƶطwڼӏĺ^(jng){(dio)һʾƶȽY(ji)(gu)Փ(jng)l(f)չܸNƶصƼsκν(jng)w͵ćҶƶһ(jng)AϵĸNƶʹڽ(jng)l(f)չ\eOá횽ȫƶwϵC(jng)Ľl(f)չ\
ƶȌWеSཛ(jng)W߀ijЩw}ČTоṩһЩЃrֵҊ⣬I(y)MY(ji)(gu)}Ŀˆ}ƽl(f)չ}
ƶȌWɻAcMõٽ綨
1ƶȽ(jng)Wҏƶȼ(jng)WȥоƶȽ(jng)WóƶǏxӵoxṩ˼ĽY(ji)Փѡ¡ƶȽ(jng)WĽY(ji)Փڡ׳ɱArֵQrֵF(xin)I˹^(jng)IùоMáI(y)MY(ji)(gu)е
Z˹ں^(jng)Iʹţѡ׳ɱõ^(jng)(jng)Դ˞AƶȞʲô׃˞ʲôӲø(jng)ķʽMa(chn)ͽQ
ȻʹƶȽ(jng)Wҽƶ׃wӑB(ti)ՓܡҲfκνY(ji)Փe`ġMZ˹dzҪƶȽ(jng)WD(zhun)܉(jng)м\ҵc֮gPϵЧM;^JRƶȵҪJƶDZoˮa(chn)ࡢ˾Ч(zh)еĖ|ƶȽ(jng)WɵĽ߀ڿ̽ƶ׃wġ·㲻֪ķNƶ׃wԼʲôry׃w
ƶȽ(jng)Wڡ׳ɱMárֵQ?q)F(xin)I@ȻƌW
Խ(jng)ƶ׃wԼI(y)ƶȄ(chung)µijɱfƶ\м(chung)OӋɱrƶȵ׃wԼƶȲŕſܮa(chn)@Y(ji)Փ]ʲô}ƶȽ(jng)WҰ@ɱMý˽Iןoɱͬײa(chn)κһoՓƶ߀I(y)ƶ佛(jng)ڸ׃?ni)˵ОԼյa(chn)ҪصĽMʽµֹca(chn)Ҫ(yu)÷ʽF(xin)(jng)\лI(y)a(chn)ɱĽa(chn)MõIֻa(chn)h(hun)(ji)N(Q)h(hun)(ji)ğoeڄ
2ƶȽ(jng)WI(y)M߅HMcЈ߅HMÆ}ǻQJI(y)M߅HMcЈ߅HMȵһcϾI(y)cЈ߅磬I(y)@һc^m(x)UMMÕhhЈĽMˡcɞƶȌWнMՓĹxcȻ@cƶȽ(jng)WҟoՓՓ߀ڌH(jng)IʼK]ҵ@cՓϣЈrڽ^׃˽߅HMøMMò^a(chn)Ԅڄӵһoca(chn)Ԅڄָ
`˾Mͬ܊ꑑ(zhn)һֱN鲢@óɹa(chn)Iͨ^NNa(chn)ƷĹ˾ͬҲ@˳ɹƶȽ(jng)WʼK]ҵcԭϻa(chn)N۵ǂ^c
I(y)oՓԭI߀NIԭNgӹIMҎ(gu)ģU^YUıF(xin)YUĽY(ji)ǫ@ˎׂIƽƽʣrֵLUͬrŗYԭI@10NI@11ӹI@12
˾(]γɉŔ)@11ƽ
Yı|(zh)ĂI߾DzͬIĄڄa(chn)ʿڲ׃a(chn)ƷҲͿƽ()cƽвˮa(chn)ƷЈrҲͲͣʣrֵҲͲر·ָYҲͲͣڲͬI@R˼WɵI(y)MՓYҰͷϲgՓҲZ˹c˹ʼK㲻Փ
ƶ׃wƶȽ(jng)W߀\ýMøДƶ׃wijɱĸɱxͬ(yu)ӵĸĸ·;ĸɱԸĸµٷ䌦ijЩ˵ēpĸ﷽Խ܉ڸ׃Ҏ(gu)trpٓp˔(sh)ܓpij̶ĸijɱԽҲԽ׳ɹЇĸĸ﷽H]pܓp˔(sh)̶ȣǿ]^(sh)˵ͳ̶Լa(chn)Чʵ
R˼xJ齛(jng)ƶa(chn)γɵPa(chn)QMОҎ(gu)a(chn)γɵĺҎ(gu)һƶe÷ƶȵʽ_ƶȽ(jng)оƶڽ(jng)LеԼƶȱ׃Ҏ(gu)ɼõČWƱƶȽ(jng)W
(jng)ƶȵc(jng)Ч
1ƶȵĽcl(f)չԽ(jng)`İl(f)չA(jng)Mһl(f)չďӰ푽(jng)ݚԭеƶwϵʹìܲƶ_;M(jng)ٰl(f)չҪ(wn)m(x)](wn)ڻyн(jng)ܰl(f)չƶeǽ(jng)ƶȸԴ|(zh)a(chn)PϵȲƶȵıȥҲ܆μ^ȥ⡣(jng)ƶԽ(jng)оÓx(jng)оƶֻǿնƶ(jng)ƶȵĽOƱ횞źͰl(f)չa(chn)ƄȫMգʹ˵Ľ(jng)ѭƶҎ(gu)ҪЌF(xin)ԼcĹͬ
(jng)ƶa(chn)Qa(chn)PϵֱӷӳƶeǷƶһγɾ;ķ(wn)ֻҪa(chn)(jng)Pϵl(f)ش׃ƶǻ(jng)ƶ(wn)(jng)\зʽƶ^׃ÿһƶȶһa(chn)L˥^̣Sƶȭh(hun)׃׃ƶȭh(hun)ѽa(chn)䡢QcMPϵҎ(gu)tԼͷҎ(gu)tڽ(jng)eƷ(jng)QAAƶǽy(tng)AARıF(xin)ͨ^y(tng)AAӵęC(gu)_ƶȃAډւɵО;ȻM(jng)l(f)չƶһ_Sl(f)ƶȻ^tl(f)һغ͵ķOF(xin)Ј(jng)һNԽ(jng)ƶȞʄtĽ(jng)]һϵּھSoЈƶҎ(gu)tЈ(jng)o\D(zhun)(jng)ӵwͥI(y)ڽ(jng)ƶȵļsͱx(jng)ӷʽ팍F(xin)ԼĽ(jng)Ŀ˺(jng)ƶȵļsͱͥx(jng)ֶ팍F(xin)ͥ
I(y)xһн(jng)Iʽ팍F(xin)I(y)ĿLڰl(f)չ
Ҳ(j)(jng)ƶʹ佛(jng)
2a(chn)Ľ(jng)wǂ˴(lin)ϵƼseCsĽy(tng)һwҪƶȁҎ(gu)(jng)PϵҪƶȁ_J{(dio)
(jng)wPϵλҪƶȁ_o(jng)ƶ{(dio)Čǽ(jng)wgĽ(jng)Pϵ˺˽MɵĽ(jng)Mڏ|(zh)Ya(chn)䡢QMγɵ|(zh)PϵƶȽ(jng)Wо(jng)ƶҎ(gu)ν(jng)a(chn)QMɱСЧЧõеüó̶ȡR˼Jț]гa(chn)Ҳ]Óxƶȵa(chn)l(f)չa(chn)һa(chn)PϵнM\Ma(chn)PϵMa(chn)İl(f)չa(chn)PϵKa(chn)İl(f)չm(x)һrgȵ(wn)a(chn)Pϵƶȿܞa(chn)ṩl(f)չƶȿgS(jng)İl(f)չƶԽԽЙڸAAFgy(tng)AAͨ^ƶȌκμȵ^ֻǡoʹԼAƶƶȱµĄһuط
3Ј(jng)ڵ˹Ҋ֡{(dio)(ji)ɷεĽ(jng)(jng)^װİl(f)չЈC{(dio)(ji)̖ʴ_ЈwОҎ(gu)Ј^w_(jng)Ȼl(f)չAβɱF(xin)yӺ͟oF(xin)ЇЈ(jng)ƶδȫS©pVTȷǷО飬˱횽ȫЈ(jng)ƶwϵ횰ѽҎ(gu)Ј(jng)Ŀ(jng)ƶȰSƌWgl(f)չֹЧ߶l(f)չƶʹ˵ОҎ(gu)Ľ(jng)档ȻmM(jng)l(f)չƶҎ(gu)ԼƼs(jng)Mcl(f)չƶ(c̎xһ)
ʹa(chn)ͿЧƶRͱҪƂy(tng)ԭƶc(chung)gγɲƽ
ƶeǽ(jng)ƶȵĿЧͨ^ؔӰ푽綨(jng)WЌƶȵĽ(jng)Чһ㼯ڽ(jng)wƵļͼsƶȿЧͻF(xin)齛(jng)ОߵěQߺО顣m(jng)l(f)չƶcȺwɆTһrMw(jng)ЧMеijɆTܵҼ@Nͨ^ƶȵĴ_׃_@^͵M\гɱƶʹwa(chn)eOԣMO(jin)Mý͵ĽY(ji)MX쵽ƶcȺwеijɆT^rһԌ^ͿЧ
ƶȼҎ(gu)tҎ(gu)o(jng)ОߎomĵĸXʲôОҎ(gu)(j)xrǰȱ治һ²ʹXMĿ˹O(jin)ɱMÕܸƶʽݻɞnjPϵɌnjƶOMĦ͛_ͻ
(jng)ƶȱF(xin)ӴY(ji)(gu)cƶPϵ
1(jng)l(f)չµƷQijF(xin)a(chn)һNҪÿ؏͵ƷQОTùͬҎ(gu)MʹЈwĽQһlҎ(gu)ȱF(xin)T׃ЕMijҎ(gu)KγɇҙCϵıصķƶ{(dio)(jng)PϵƶȵĽy(tng)һw(jng)ƶwϵt{(dio)(jng)PϵƶȵĿQߵPϵw;ֲPϵ@ֲswĻAҪĽMɲ֡
ƶȵČӴαF(xin)飺T(h)ߡҎ(gu)Ҏ(gu)(jng)ƶȵČӴMF(xin)飺(jng)T(h)(jng)ߡ(jng)Ҏ(gu)ɽ(jng)Ҏ(gu)ʽƶȃHҎ(gu)Ҏ(gu)ʽ(jng)ƶȃH(jng)Ҏ(gu)ɽ(jng)Ҏ(gu)ƶȸֱӵʽƶȵʽҪa(chn)ƶ׃wֱӵmʽƶȵҪF(xin)ʽƶȼסh
fƶȵAǰTy(tng)ƶȵλAǰh
(jng)ƶȵAǰ(jng)T(jng)(a(chn))l(f)չF(xin)TҪ(jng)ƶȵλAǰhɽ(jng)ڽ(jng)l(f)չбF(xin)Ľ(jng)Ї(jng)D(zhun)ͼwƸĸwF(xin)鹲a(chn)h
Ҏ(gu)ͷҎ(gu)^ʽMxƶȣThڃ(ni)^ķʽVxdz(h߅^(q)e)ƶ
ʽƶҲQʽsʽҎ(gu)ijN_ʽ_ОڵĽMMбO(jin)ÏCʩ߀ROӋ(chung)µОҎ(gu)tһF(xin)鲻ͬƶcrY(ji)ϵĄ(chung)Ҏ(gu)ƶ۷eMSvʷĕrl׃{(dio)l(f)]ƶcƶg߀ڱ˴Pϵijƶ܉l(f)]هƶȵ֧ͬr@ƶȱҲɞ֧ƶwϵˣƶȵķVӼʾܳɾ͵M߶l(f)_Ȼϵy(tng)ƶȽY(ji)(gu)
2(jng)ƶȼҎ(gu)wϵǰ^(jng)HĘ˜ʺԭt(jng)ƶȼҎ(gu)|(zh)ӴPϵнMϳɵĽy(tng)һwՓҪ(jng)ƶՓwϵQ(jng)ƶȵ{(dio)(jng)ƶȵĵλȆ}
`S헽(jng)ɡҎ(gu)ijF(xin)S{(dio)(jng)PϵƶҪͬԵҎ(gu)ҪЂԷԴ_JȻƶ(jng)Ҫ헆н(jng)ƶȼy(tng)Ľ(jng)ƶȼҎ(gu)wϵĻҪǽY(ji)(gu)(sh)(jng)ƶȼҎ(gu)(gu)wϵЃ(ni)(lin)ϵf(xi){(dio){(dio)潛(jng)Pϵͽ(jng)ӵЙCw
^Ľ(jng)ƶȼҎ(gu)wϵ(j)(jng)lͽ(jng)Pϵa(chn)аl(f)IJ˵־D(zhun)ƵPϵͬ˵|(zh)a(chn)һl(f)չAmϵa(chn)Pϵ@ȻκһNƶȼɶهһ|(zh)PϵһĽ(jng)Aϣ
κһNƶȼɵİl(f)չcƶܵһ|(zh)a(chn)ʽƼs
3(jng)ƶȼPϵǼͥI(y)wgԼ(ni)gڽ(jng)(jng)f(xi)^γɵ|(zh)ĵęxPϵNͬĽ(jng)PϵҪͬƶȼҎ(gu){(dio)ĶγɲͬĽ(jng)ƶȼPϵPϵ^PϵPϵҪƶȼҎ(gu)ȥ{(dio)γƶȼPϵ(jng)ƶȼPϵҪǘ(gu)PϵȱٵĻM(jng)ƶȼPϵw(ni)ݺͿwҪ
(jng)ƶȼPϵҪرͬr߂ȱһtͲ齛(jng)ƶȼPϵ׃һҪأͲԭPϵ(jng)ƶȼPϵw(jng)wDžc(jng)ƶȼPϵн(jng)Г(jng)xյĮͥI(y)ͥɾЙО˻(gu)I(y)µƷa(chn)ͽ(jng)Iǽ(jng)ƶȼPϵwзVN(sh)w
ҙCPһ֞CPCP͙zO(jin)CPքeͨ^˾(jng)йҲֱʹ(jng)(jng)C(gu)(zh)(jng)ƶȼPϵă(ni)һN(jng)xյPϵ(jng)xǽ(jng)ƶȼPϵĺă(ni)QPϵ|(zh)ҲBY(ji)wͿwĘ(jng)ָ(jng)ƶȼPϵw(j)ɼͬ¸N(jng)ӵę
(jng)xָ(jng)ƶȼPϵw(j)ɼͬ錍F(xin)(jng)w(jng)ГijN(jng)Оx(jng)ƶȼPϵĿwǽ(jng)ͽ(jng)xָͬČdwɹ܉áн(jng)rֵһ|(zh)ؔΑB(ti)ƷrֵΑB(ti)؛šȯƱȣ
ɹ(jng)rֵĪ(chung)ԵČ̘˵X֪Rڄӳɹ
Ї(jng)ƶȵĽO(j);̓(ni)
1R˼xJ齛(jng)ƶȽOġA(j)a(chn)ԼƌWgƄӣJ(jng)ƶȼY(ji)(gu)Խ(jng)Aea(chn)lJƌWga(chn)ƄƶȽOSa(chn)ҪƶȼY(ji)(gu)ŷa(chn)l(f)չҪʹma(chn)ƶȰŲƶȄ(chung)µĸֱI(y)a(chn)Чa(chn)(gu)ɵĻҪض܉ӰƶȵİeǿƌWg(chung)½a(chn)a(chn)Ʒڄӕrg߄ڄa(chn)ʡRΑB(ti)ƶȰŵġ(j)ƶȼƶȽY(ji)(gu)OṩrֵДҾд_JƶȼƶȽY(ji)(gu)ǷAAӼFĹܡR˼xRΑB(ti)ĻJRռλRcһ(jng)ֱ(lin)ϵ^^cƶgӰ푽bƶȰŵġӰ푡(j)ƶgкӰ푺ͻӰ푡BաЧºͽb
(zh)hɺ漯FƄƶ׃wġT(j)(zh)hɴͬAA漯FҪָоڏݵAAӼFhڵ|(zh)RAҲ̎ڽy(tng)ελĂهֵ֧ضȺwf(jng)ƶȼ߾ǾSνy(tng)μֵֶ֧
2(jng)ƶȽOһ;ƶwƶȰͥvʷϳF(xin)˽(jng)MS(jng)İl(f)չͥSl(f)׃HͥƶȰl(f)˺ܴ׃Ǽͥa(chn)Оa(chn)MšYͶ뷽ʽȶڰl(f)ƶȰ׃ͼͥ(jng)ƶȰŶԣͥc֧YY桢MʽȶҪςԼͥİI(y)ƶȰ֧I(y)M(ni)a(chn)ҪػI(y)MgܵĺcķʽAһI(y)ƶȰŵAڃ泬^Aڳɱ͕ƶȄ(chung)µDµƶȰžͿܮa(chn)ƶȵİҪĽɫԲȡЄӳCƶȹoȿCṩ(jng)Оʄtֿṩ`ʄtٲãԴ˽(jng)\еijɱMDZJɵČϷʹÏֶξЉŔƶȰţҪSֹͷ(wn)ṩc֮gl(f)PϵrĻҎ(gu)tṩÕrĻҎ(gu)t齛(jng)
3(jng)ƶȽOă(ni)Ҫ_(jng)\зʽĽ(jng)ƶҎ(gu)(jng)wОƶȺ_wwٵƶȡF(xin)Ј(jng)wƶȼɞʄtĽ(jng)]ƶȼɱ]н(jng)l(f)չ\ϵĹƽͼs]һϵּھSoЈҎ(gu)tЈ(jng)Ҳ͟o\D(zhun)ȫ_Ј(jng)\зʽƶȰƷrƶ渂ƶŔƶȵЈ(jng)ԙʯ˛]ЙƄӲȥ]иЈrҲoڹγ(jng)wЈЈwЈwrIJr^wĸОЙC(lin)ϵγЈҎ(gu)ɼCЈҎ(gu)ɼCƳɞ{(dio)(ji)(jng)\еĻAֶΣЈ(jng)
4Ҏ(gu)(jng)wОƶȵă(ni)ݰҎ(gu)ͥɆT(jng)Оƶ{(dio)I(y)a(chn)(jng)I^l(f)Ľ(jng)PϵƶȺͺ^(jng)ܿصwОƶȡ(jng)PϵwƶPϵwЙͳГxյƶPϵƶPϵwYƶҎ(gu)fƶȼx(jng)ƶPϵwYҲƶȼxeɽ(jng)ƶҎ(gu)x
5_wwٵƶȃ(ni)ҪԮa(chn)ƶȞAČ֪Ra(chn)ƶa(chn)ǽЙAϵһMЙռЙࡢ֧ʹÙ̎Ùa(chn)ƶ^ʹγԼĽ(jng)ОAں^@NОMӰ푵YԴú\YԴú\ЈγɵIJƶȱϵĺϼs_ͽQ(jng)wƶPϵwеęͳГxָͬ|(zh)֪R|(zh)ǿԞ֧õ|(zh)ؔ؛
ɹ˵Xڄӄ(chung)ĿƌWgČWˇgȳɹa(chn)ƶ{(dio)PϵҎ(gu)Qԡ෨A{(dio)oB(ti)(jng)Pϵ༴F(xin)|(zh)ؔĚwٺʹPϵPϵ(jng)ĻA
֪Ra(chn)ƶ{(dio)̘˙l(f)F(xin)l(f)ȿƌWgɹPϵҎ(gu)Q
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