摘 要 目的：通過(guò)回顧性分析兒童家庭康復(fù)指導(dǎo)開(kāi)展?fàn)顩r，了解兒童家庭康復(fù)的現(xiàn)狀。方法：收集2011年5月至2016年8月在復(fù)旦大學(xué)附屬兒科醫(yī)院康復(fù)科進(jìn)行家庭康復(fù)指導(dǎo)的1 237例患兒的疾病情況、家庭狀況、指導(dǎo)次數(shù)、康復(fù)反饋等信息。其中男性773例、女性464例，年齡1月齡至14歲，平均年齡20個(gè)月。結(jié)果：2011年至2015年納入的患兒數(shù)量分別為3例、55例、166例、250例、和413例；2016年1至8月350例。46.5%患兒的年齡段分布在6～12月，其中以發(fā)育遲緩、胎兒期或分娩期有高危因素的高危兒數(shù)量最多，分別占54.2%和24.8%。兒童的照顧者以母親照顧為主，祖輩輔助居多。外省市相對(duì)本市需求較高。結(jié)論：兒童家庭康復(fù)指導(dǎo)工作逐年增多，對(duì)于不同患兒家庭的情況和需求制定個(gè)性化的家庭康復(fù)指導(dǎo)方案，促進(jìn)家庭開(kāi)展家庭康復(fù)，提高隨訪率。
　　關(guān)鍵詞 殘障； 家庭康復(fù)指導(dǎo)；高危兒
　　中圖分類號(hào)：R49 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A 文章編號(hào)：1006-1533（2018）04-0055-04
　　Analysis of the work status of 1 237 cases of children’s family rehabilitation guidance
　　SU Yi， YANG Hong， LI Hui， SHEN Xiushu， ZHANG Qi
　�。―epartment of Rehabilitation， Children’s Hospital affiliated to Fudan University， Shanghai 201102， China）
　　ABSTRACT Objective： Through the retrospective analysis of the situation of children’s family rehabilitation guidance to understand the status of children’s family rehabilitation. Methods： Clinical data， family status， frequency of guidance and feed-back information of the children who had accepted the family rehabilitation guidance from May 2011 to August 2016 in the Rehabilitation Department of Children’s Hospital affiliated to Fudan University were collected， and among them， there were 773 male and 464 female， aged from 1 month to 14 years old（mean age = 20 m）. Results： The numbers of children eolled from 2011 to 2015 were 3， 55， 166， 250 and 413 cases， respectively and that from January to August 2016， 350 cases. The age of 46.5% children was distributed at 6～12 months. Among them， the number of high-risk infants with high risk factors for developmental delay， fetal or childbirth was the most， accounting for 54.2% and 24.8%， respectively. Children’s caregivers were mostly mothers， and grandparents aided in the majority. The demand of the other provinces was relatively higher than that of Shanghai. Conclusion： The guidance of children’s family rehabilitation has increased year by year. In order to promote family rehabilitation and improve the follow-up rate， the family rehabilitation guidance plan is formulated for the situation and needs of different families.
　　KEY WORDS disability； family rehabilitation guidance； high-risk infant
　　根據(jù)國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)顯示，近10年來(lái)我國(guó)每年大約有1 600萬(wàn)左右的新生兒降生[1]。隨之而來(lái)的是殘疾兒童的數(shù)量也在逐年上升。第二次全國(guó)殘疾人抽樣調(diào)查結(jié)果表明，我國(guó)現(xiàn)有0～17歲殘疾兒童504.3萬(wàn)人，占全部殘疾人口的6.08%[2]。對(duì)殘疾兒童需要盡早介入康復(fù)干預(yù)，更需要在家庭進(jìn)行良好的照料和康復(fù)。發(fā)育障礙和腦癱等患兒的康復(fù)通常是一個(gè)漫長(zhǎng)的治療過(guò)程。但國(guó)內(nèi)現(xiàn)階段康復(fù)條件有限，對(duì)家庭康復(fù)重要性認(rèn)識(shí)不夠；同時(shí)，以家庭為中心的康復(fù)模式對(duì)專業(yè)治療師的要求較高[3]，運(yùn)行現(xiàn)況令人堪憂。然而因經(jīng)濟(jì)能力、財(cái)力及精力限制，每個(gè)家庭成員對(duì)患兒病情的理解和康復(fù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)不盡相同，需求也不同[4-5]。本文旨在分析和了解近5年本院兒童家庭康復(fù)指導(dǎo)工作現(xiàn)狀。

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